Conception des parametres des dupes auxiliaires pour ameliorer les performances electriques des isolateurs de poste dans des conditions de givrage

The optimized design of outdoor insulators that consider heavy icing and pollution conditions is a significant concern for the reliability of power networks. Based on field observations, the probability of flashover of EHV post insulators is higher than line insulators under the same heavy icing conditions. The flashover along the insulators is caused mainly by the presence of a water film on the ice surfaces (melting period) and partial arcs in ice-free zones (air gaps).;This project aims to provide a generic design approach to the use of BSs by optimizing their main parameters (number, diameter, inclination angle, position, and permittivity) on post insulators under heavy icing conditions. This approach is based on analyzing previous BS tests in CEGELE, an improved hypothesis of BS effects, numerical analysis using commercial software (e.g. Comsol Multiphysics(TM), Matlab, and Minitab), geometric modeling of ice-covered post insulator with BSs, and finally experimental validation tests.;The improved hypothesis states that the major effect of BSs is the creation of air gaps and their minor effect is the increase in dry arcing distance. Moreover, among total length of the air gaps, dry arcing distance, and total ice-free leakage distance (IFLDtot), the IFLDtot is a good indicator to quantify the BS effects on standard post insulators. Simulation analyses of BS configurations during the melting period demonstrate that the optimized relative permittivity of BS is an arbitrary value in its feasible variation range (2-15). The proper positions of BSs close to the HV electrode should be determined based on the probability of electrical breakdown. In contrast, the positions close to the ground electrode are determined based on ice-bridging effect. The geometric model and Taguchi method analysis show that the optimized value of BS inclination angle is equal to the upper shed angle of the insulator. Also, it indicates that generally the maximum feasible values for diameter and number of BSs are the best options. The feasibility in this regard, depends mainly on the minimum required distances between BSs as well as the mechanical forces of heavy ice and strong wind that may deform BSs. PVC sheet was deemed an effective solution for fabricating BS prototypes to perform the final validation tests. The experimental tests completely confirmed the improved hypothesis, the effectiveness of the geometric model, and the simulation analysis.;One of the mitigation options is the use of booster sheds (BSs) to create air gaps along the iced insulator. A booster shed (BS) is a flexible c-shape device made of high-quality insulating materials. Since BSs are easy to use, they seem to be simpler alternatives to upgrading insulators to those designed for cold climate regions. Despite the promising results of BS applications, still an important work must be achieved to propose optimized design of BS configurations.