Biofidelity of human body models and comparison to dummy models in reconstruction of frontal crash scenario

Over the past few years, the Computer Aided Engineering tools have focused on the occupant safety and comfort. Wide range of crash tests were done in order to study the occupant kinematics and injury response. Similar models were built with the help of simulation tools and validated with the crash test data. The main purpose of building the simulation models is to reduce the number of full-scale sled tests done which requires large flow time and is associated with significant cost. Moreover these tests are typically not repeatable. Therefore the research is mainly focused on building the simulation models, which will give the same results as the sled tests.; Crash test dummies are widely used in automotive safety research and design. Hence it is logical that the first Hybrid dummy models developed were based in the crash dummies. These models have the same differences that exist between crash dummies and the real human body. Considering the growing demand to improve the occupant safety and comfort for an ever wider range of crash situations than those covered by the current regulation, Human Body Models were introduced in the occupant safety. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)...