Uptake potential of Pteris vittata for arsenic species in groundwater from a low level radioactive waste management facility

Groundwater from low level radioactive waste management facilities contains radionuclides and heavy metals, including arsenic. This study assessed the feasibility of a phytoremediation system using Pteris vittata (Chinese brake fern) for removing arsenic in groundwater from a low level radioactive waste management facility. Water samples were collected from hydroponic systems containing P. vittata and analyzed for changes in arsenic concentrations. While changes in arsenic concentrations in the water did not indicate a reduction, arsenic concentrations in the ferns showed that there was significant uptake. Mean arsenic concentrations in the fern fronds ranged between 4.11 and 21.77 mg As/kg, which were above the mean arsenic concentrations of 0.94 mg As/kg in the control samples. It was inferred that arsenic concentrations in water did not change significantly as the ratio of plants to water was insufficient to produce a significant effect. A potential management plan for this type of phytoremediation system is presented.