| On April 18, 1906, an earthquake with an estimated moment magnitude (Mw) of 7.8 struck the San Francisco Bay Region. The earthquake generated thousands of landslides, resulting in 40 deaths and property damage correlating to billions of dollars today. The Comprehensive Areal Model for Earthquake-Induced Landslides (CAMEL) is a new model for predicting both potential landslide hazards and the type of landslide generated. The model incorporates variables empirically determined to be important for earthquake-induced landslide occurrence: slope angle, moisture, material strength, slope height, soil depth, shaking intensity, terrain roughness, artificial slope disturbance, and vegetation condition. The model is based on fuzzy set theory (also called "computing with words") dealing with inevitable uncertainties in the input data by providing ranges in output data. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, the model was used to provide earthquake-induced landslide hazard assessments of the San Francisco Bay Area utilizing the 1906 shaking intensity map. |
