| Multiple datasets have been integrated to generate a three-dimensional representation of Hebes Chasma, Valles Marineris, Mars. Data has been adapted from Mars missions for use in Earth-based spectral analysis software to investigate compositional layering in the Hebes Chasma (320 x 120 km) canyon-mesa system. It is revealed that the plateau north of the canyon and the northern slope, comprise the spectral library endmember "andesite breccia", whereas the southern plateau, floors and mesa comprise the spectral library endmember "augite-hypersthene andesite". In addition, gypsum-rich layers occur interspersed with volcanic layers within the mesa but are not continuous across all walls of the canyon. Salt-rich fluids from the subsurface most likely dissolved material, which was removed via subsurface karst tunnels, leaving behind Hebes Mensa rich with gypsum deposits. Permafrost likely played a role in the geomorphology of the canyon, with freeze-thaw cycles driven by heat from volcanic activity coupled with freezing surface temperatures. |
