Rambouillet Summit And The Establishment Of Group Of Seven

After the Second World War,the United States led the establishment of a new set of post-war international economic order.In a relatively free and equal international economic environment,the economy of major capitalist countries has achieved rapid development,and the economic interdependence between national countries has also deepened.Since the 1960s,the economic power contrast within the capitalist camp has gradually changed,and the multi polarization trend of the international economic pattern has been increasingly revealed.In the early 1970s,an economic crisis swept the whole capitalist world-the currency crisis hit and destroyed the Bretton Woods system.The energy crisis highlighted the differences within the Western camp,causing serious economic setbacks.In the face of crisis,the original communication mechanism is not enough to satisfy the government leaders of major capitalist countries in efficiency or effect,They began to seek a new platform for more efficient communication and problem-solving.At the suggestion of French President Giscard at that time,through multi-party communication,the United States,Britain,France,Japan,Germany and Italy reached an agreement to hold the Rambouillet Summit on the basis of common cultural background and economic development needs.They agreed to adopt the way of summit to discuss economic issues together,so as to jointly deal with the most serious economic crisis after the war.Before the formal meeting,the personal representatives of the leaders of various countries attended three preparatory meetings,including Paris meeting,New York meeting and London meeting.At the preparatory meeting,they discussed fully the procedural issues such as the nature and form of the summit,as well as the topics of the summit.France and the United States also sent special representatives to conduct a series of discussions on the issue of exchange rate It is also one of the important preconditions for the conference to meet differences and reach consensus.In the winter of 1975,leaders of the governments of France,the United States,Britain,West Germany,Italy and Japan gathered at the Chateau de Rambouillet on the outskirts of Paris,France.The summit of Rambouillet was officially held.At the meeting,all parties mainly discussed macroeconomic policy,trade policy,monetary and financial policy,energy policy and other issues.Each of the six heads of government presided over one of them and fully exchanged views on each issue.In the design of the general direction to deal with the economic crisis,the heads of state have many unanimous views and opinions.For example,in the field of macroeconomic policies,they have reached a consensus on solving unemployment and focusing on inflation.In the field of trade,they have reached the commitments of six countries on trade and promised to put economic recovery first.In the field of energy and the issue of relations with developing countries,they have raised concerns Suggestions on energy security and cooperation with developing countries,and assistance to developing countries through dialogue and international organizations.From the results of the summit,the summit reached a memorandum of understanding on currency and announced the Rambouillet declaration at the end of the summit.The six countries basically reached an agreement on measures to stimulate economic growth and accept floating exchange rates.They proposed that the most urgent task at present is to restore the economy and solve the employment problem,forming the Rambouillet spirit with "cooperation and trust" as the core.However,although it has shown great value in policy communication and fostering "international confidence",the practical achievements of the Rambouillet summit at the specific policy coordination level are very limited,and there are still differences among all parties.The idea that"differences must be subordinated to well-being" is more often just in slogansWith the convening of the next year's Puerto Rico summit,the summit gradually became institutionalized,and the group of seven formally formed.The mode of the summit continues to this day.The Rambouillet summit is a product of the unbalanced development of capitalist economy and politics,and also a new exploration of crisis management in western countries.The G7 meeting was born in the background of the break of interest balance within the original institutional framework in the western world's economic field.The reconstruction of power and interest brought by this meeting and other factors brought about the end of economic governance system Structural transformation changes the way of interaction between countries.However,there are still some limitations in the summit.Although the G7 summit was institutionalized later,it did not have the structural characteristics of international institutions,no articles of association or agreements,no permanent institutions such as the Secretariat,Since its birth,it has the characteristics of "anti institutionalization",which makes the summit have many functions that many international organizations do not have,such as the government Leaders can discuss topics in a wide range of fields designed in advance through communication,and participants have a high decision-making power that other senior officials do not have.However,it is their emphasis on flexibility that makes the summit itself lack of binding force and provide no powerful resources,which makes its results difficult to be guaranteed.