| Under the background of knowledge economy,the development of science and technology is changing every day.More and more countries in the world regard technological innovation as an important way to promote the development of national economy and enhance the international comprehensive competitiveness.Therefore,how to improve regional technological innovation capacity has become a hot issue of political and academic circles.With the emergence of MAR externalities and Jacobs externalities in the knowledge spillover effect,a new research perspective is proposed for the study of influencing factors of technological innovation.Up to now,what is the key factor of technological innovation,specialization or diversification,is still an unsettled issue for scholars.Since the 1990 s,economic geographers such as Glaeser,Henderson and Boschma have made a lot of discussions on the relationship between professionalism,diversity,complexity and technological innovative capaccity.Based on the externality theory,path dependence theory,knowledge complexity theory and knowledge-based theory of knowledge spillover,this paper reviews the research progress related to technological innovation capability by literature analysis,depicts the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of China's technological innovative capacity by using ArcGIS,and depicts the evolution of China's overall technological structure and the technological structure of typical cities by using Gephi,and use Stata to carry out panel regression analysis of the random effect model of China's urban technology replacement mechanism in 2000-2017.From the perspectives of knowledge spillover,path-dependence and path-innovation,local knowledge pool and knowledge complexity,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics and spatial evolution characteristics of China's urban technological innovative capacity,and discusses the impact of technological specialization,technological diversity and technological complexity on urban technological change.Through the analysis,the author finds that:(1)the highlands of China's technological innovative capacity and the highlands of technological innovative capacity growth are mainly distributed to the east of Hu Hanyong line;(2)the process of technological innovation development in cities with particular technological structure types has different characteristics;(3)technological specialization and technological diversification are the important factors that affect the entry and exit of technology,and the technology with particular complexity it affects differently.From the evolutionary perspective,this study points out,on the one hand,the neglect of technological value in the existing literatures of technological innovative capacity,and holds that technology has considerably different in their value due to the difference of its knowledge combination essence,which has an important influence on the characterization of technological innovative capacity;on the other hand,it points out that the way of studying technological innovation through industrial data or product data is too tortuous,Industries and products are usually the result of technology combination in different fields,so they can not represent specific technology fields well,and patent data can better represent specific technology fields.Therefore,this paper proposes to use patent data to directly study the evolution process and internal mechanism of technological innovation.In addition,this study uses case studies to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of technological innovation process in different types of cities,which provides a certain reference value for cities to formulate policies to improve technological structure and promote the development of high-value technology. |
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