Tax Preferential Methods And Innovation Ability Of High-tech Enterprises

In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,various infrastructures have been gradually improved,and the overall international economic situation has also undergone changes.In the context of the new era,China’s economic development pattern needs to be changed urgently,and innovation must be used as a new economic development driving force to meet China’s economic growth and development needs in the new era.The development process of developed countries also shows that the innovation driver is the most reliable source of power for sustained economic growth.At present,developed countries such as Europe,America,Japan and South Korea are still intensifying their innovation efforts.As the main body of the national innovation system,the enterprise’s innovation and R&D capability has become the main participant of China’s social innovation and R&D activities in recent years,promoting the rapid development of innovation and R&D in China,and investing R&D funds in measuring innovation and R&D capabilities China has experienced rapid growth in various aspects such as R&D personnel input,number of patent applications and authorizations,and output value of innovative R&D products.However,there are still relatively low levels of R&D capital investment intensity,and innovation capabilities and effects need to be further improved.Throughout the innovation and R&D process,due to the externality of innovation benefits and the uncertainty of innovation results in innovation and R&D activities,it is easy to cause market failure,so this provides a basic basis for the government to use public finance policies and other means to regulate and control.The government can promote more innovative R&D activities by implementing more proactive fiscal policies.As the main intervention method of the government,tax policy measures have the advantage that on the one hand,they can respect the rules of market activities,and on the other hand,they can effectively incentivize enterprises to carry out innovative R&D activities,which further illustrates the importance of preferential tax policies for innovative R&D.So,how is the effect of different preferential tax policies on the enterprise during the whole innovation process of the enterprise? Which tax incentives are more effective at different stages of innovation? Will the various tax preferential policies implemented at the same time restrain each other?This paper combines market failure theory,tax incentive theory,endogenous growth theory,etc.First,through qualitative analysis,the impact of tax incentives on corporate innovation and R&D is analyzed from a micro perspective.In the process of innovation and R&D activities,the focus of different preferential policies Not the same.Then through detailed analysis of different types of tax preferences,the analysis found that tax preferential policies of tax rate type and tax amount type pay more attention to after-event rewards,while the tax-based type pays more attention to the impact in the past.After further detailed analysis,it was found that in the entire link of innovation and R&D,different tax preferential policies act on different links of R&D activities.Based on this,select the preferential tax rate from the tax rate preferential tax rate,and select from the tax-based tax preferential tax preferential policies that accelerate the depreciation of fixed assets that are invested in advance and the R&D expenses that promote the R&D output in the event of additional tax deductions.Using these three tax preferential methods as entry points,study the impact of different tax preferential methods on high-tech innovation capabilities,and at the same time refine the enterprise’s innovative R&D process during analysis,and divide the enterprise’s innovative R&D activities into inputs and outputs At the end,conduct separate studies to compare the impact of different preferential tax policies.In the empirical analysis,this paper selects 2010-2017 A-share listed high-tech data as a research sample,and uses a double differential model to compare and analyze the impact of the three tax incentives selected on the input and output sides of high-tech enterprises.Effect,at the same time,the heterogeneity analysis is conducted according to the different profitability of the company and the background of the company’s ownership.Finally,based on the results of empirical analysis,relevant suggestions are made for the implementation and improvement of the tax preferential policy in the next step.The results of the study show that the three currently widely applicable tax preferential policies selected in this paper,preferential tax rates,accelerated depreciation of fixed assets,and additional deductions for R&D expenses can significantly promote the innovation and R&D capabilities of high-tech enterprises.Judging from the incentive effect of preferential tax policies,on the input side,accelerated depreciation of fixed assets> R&D expenses plus deductions> preferential tax rates.The incentive effect at the output end is that the R&D expenses are deducted> accelerated depreciation of fixed assets>preferential tax rate.Moreover,tax incentives have a more obvious promotion effect on innovative R&Dactivities of highly profitable enterprises,and have a stronger promotion effect on non-state-owned enterprises.Based on this,this paper believes that by improving tax preferential policies,enterprises can improve the efficiency of tax preferential policies,and then promote their innovative capabilities to develop better.The focus is to increase the proportion of indirect preferential / tax-based preferential,highlight the goals of policy guidance for technological progress and optimize resource allocation;and improve various tax preferentials to highlight the relevance of tax preferentials for innovative R&D behavior;companies should also be based on themselves Characteristics,efficient use of the benefits brought by tax concessions,and promote the development of enterprises;rich tax concessions,so that enterprises can have more options when choosing preferential policies according to their own characteristics,and when designing tax preferential policies It is necessary to give full consideration,especially the mechanism and matching effects of various preferential tax policies.