The Dynamic Evolution And Influencing Factors Of Multidimensional Poverty In Henan Rural Areas

Since the reform and opening up,China’s poverty alleviation and development has gone through the stages of system reform,development-oriented poverty alleviation,August-seven poverty alleviation,village-wide promotion and precise poverty alleviation.China’s rural poverty has been greatly reduced.China’s rural poverty has been transformed from large-area poverty formed by backward economic development to geo-poverty constrained by farmers’ individual ability,special geographical environment and resource factors.Research on rural poverty in China has gradually changed from one-dimensional poverty based on income level to multi-dimensional poverty based on comprehensive evaluation of living standards,education and health care,public services and development environment.More studies have focused on the scope of regional poverty to the intensity and depth of poverty.More attention has been paid to solving the problem of sustainable livelihood development in poverty-stricken areas.As an important unit of the implementation of rural poverty alleviation policies,county-level studies on the dynamics of rural multi-dimensional poverty and its influencing factors are of great significance to the formulation and implementation of precise poverty alleviation strategies in the new era.This paper explores the situation of rural multi-dimensional poverty in Henan Province.Based on the collected data of 105 counties and cities in Henan Province,it collects and collates the data of Henan Province from 2000 to 2015.It measures and analyses the current situation of rural poverty in Henan Province from six aspects: the vulnerability,natural capital,economic capital,material capital,human capital and social capital.Analytical method,entropy value method,vulnerability-long-term livelihood cost model,and evaluation index system and model are constructed.Firstly,through time and space analysis of each dimension,it is found that economic capital has obvious long-term advantages,social capital only has advantages in the early stage,then disappears,and natural capital has long-term disadvantages,and human capital distribution changes obviously.The dominant area of material capital transfers over time,speculates the causes of different dimensions,calculates the final score of the multi-dimensional development,and then decides whether the counties and cities are multi-dimensional poverty in rural areas.Secondly,on this basis,the factorsaffecting multi-dimensional poverty are speculated and verified;the differences and causes of the two kinds of poverty are analyzed based on the latest list of poverty counties at the national level;and the following conclusions are drawn: the factors affecting poverty in Henan Province are complex,and the multi-dimensional poverty in rural areas includes many types,there are 18 counties in the long-term rural poverty multidimensional.Thirdly,the relationship between per capita net income and multi-dimensional poverty in rural areas is highly credible,but the impact is high.The coefficient is very small;the proportion of non-agricultural working population has a significant relationship with rural multi-dimensional poverty,and there is still a significant relationship in the long-term analysis.It can be seen that social dimension has a deep impact on rural multi-dimensional poverty;land urbanization has a significant impact on the scores of multi-dimensional development,but the impact on rural multi-dimensional poverty is very weak;counties with balanced development in all dimensions are less likely to become multi-dimensional poverty.The counties and cities with disadvantage of economic capital and social capital are more likely to become multi-dimensional poverty counties.There are obvious differences between rural multi-dimensional poverty and national poverty.The above conclusions have important reference value for the formulation of precise poverty alleviation strategy in Henan Province.At the county level,the precise poverty alleviation in Henan Province should optimize and adjust the industrial structure based on the industrial foundation,resource endowment and economic foundation of each county.Different counties should steadily promote the development of urbanization in accordance with the local conditions,and promote the rural population out of poverty through urbanization.In addition,the government should improve rural infrastructure construction,and narrow the differences between urban and rural public services and public facilities development.Multidimensional development of counties varies at different times.Poverty alleviation strategies and policies should be adjusted in time.