Spatial Pattern Evolution And Location Choice Of Shopping Centers In Shanghai

The shopping center is a crucial carrier for urban residents to enjoy leisure activities.Its location choice not only determines the business performance of the shopping center,but also affects the effective allocation of production materials such as land,and plays an important role in stimulating vitality of city and meeting the leisure needs of residents.Based on the data of Shanghai shopping center,this paper introduces the development history of Shanghai shopping center,describes the evolution characteristics of Shanghai shopping mall,and summarizes the reasons that may affect the growth of shopping malls.The spatial analysis method is used to explore the evolution law of the shopping mall's spatial pattern,reveal the differentiation characteristics of shopping centers under different spatial scales,and simulate the spatial agglomeration mode of shopping centers in different time dimensions.The influence of different factors on the location selection of shopping centers was tested by means of econometric analysis,and the influence mechanism of various factors in different periods was further discussed.The results show that since the 1990 s,shopping centers in Shanghai have developed rapidly and four stages of development can be identified.Its growth is closely related to social and economic development,transformation of consumer preference,and improvement of traffic environment.In the development process of Shanghai shopping center,the following characteristics gradually appeared,including the transformation of traditional department stores to modern shopping centers,the transformation of overseas capital-led to various capital-driven,the transformation of brand homogenization competition to differentiated market positioning,and the transformation of material consumption mode to dematerialization experience content.The Shanghai shopping center has gradually showed the spatial evolution pattern of coexistence of “global decentralization” and “local area agglomeration”.On the one hand,as time goes by,the shopping center presents a diffusion feature of “circle + axis”.The center of gravity of the spatial distribution migrates from the vicinity of People Square to the southwest of Shanghai,and the average distance and standard distance increase accordingly.The statistical results show a gradually shrinking difference of the spatial heterogeneity between neighborhood-level units and county/district-level units.On the other hand,“Nanjing East Road – Nanjing West Road – Huaihai Middle Road” has developed into a core agglomeration area of shopping centers,and several secondary agglomeration areas are formed in In the different directions of the city,namely “Lujiazui-Zhangyang Road” eastern agglomeration area,“Xujiahui” southern agglomeration area,“Zhongshan Park-Tianshan" western agglomeration area,"Sichuan North Road-Wujiaochang" northern agglomeration area.At the same time,H-H cluster areas of shopping centers are mainly distributed in the municipal center activity areas and municipal sub centers of Shanghai,and the streets belonging to the remote suburban administrative center as H-L cluster don't have obvious driven effect to neighboring street.The peripheral areas of the Shanghai and the streets close to H-H cluster areas have relatively low agglomeration level.The location choice of shopping centers in Shanghai is attributed to the joint drive between market mechanism and administrative intervention.Traditional location factors,policy planning,leisure resource abundance,and agglomeration factors all have a significant impact on the location choice of shopping centers.During the steady increasing period,policy planning,distance from the city center,and leisure resources are the main factors affecting the location choice of shopping centers.During the scale expansion period,shopping centers are more sensitive to the market and transportation factors,and the influecne of policy planning becomes more substantial.During the rapid increasing period,shopping centers tend to actively seek benefits of agglomeration effects in location choice while the impact of leisure resources has gradually declined.Based on the discussion and analysis of the research results,this paper proposes corresponding policy implication and management suggestions for governments and enterprises.