The Impact Of Public And Private Standards On China Apple Exports

As one of the world's major apple producers,China's apple industry ranks among the top in the world for 17 consecutive years.Since joining the WTO in 2001,China's apple exports quantity and amount have also increased year by year.However,China's apples still have a lot of room for development in terms of exports.In recent years,they still face problems such as low food safety quality,rising production costs,and imperfect industrial chains.Along with the rapid development of the globalization,some of countries' government and international organizations have begun to pay more and more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products.In order to safeguard the health interests of consumers in various countries,the standards of agricultural food products have gradually become an important measure for governments to strengthen food safety systems.Like most food products,apple is also listed as a “sensitive product” by many importing countries because its safety is directly related to the health of consumers in importing countries.There are a wide variety of product standards for apple,and the content is relatively strict.It can be seen that solving the quality and safety problems of apples is one of the important measures to improve the export competitiveness of apples for China.Based on this background,this paper discusses how the standards of agricultural products affect the export of China's apples.This paper divides the agricultural product standards into two categories: public and private standards.Between them,the public standard takes the maximum pesticide residue limit as an example,and the private standard takes Global GAP certification as an example.Private standards can more quickly reflect changes in the industry than public standards led by the government.At the same time,the current use of private standards in China has not been widely spread,and the relationship between private standards and the trading of agricultural products is still in its infancy.Therefore,studying the impact of private standards on Chinese apple exports.At the same time,analyzing the differences between them and public standards is an innovation of this paper.In the empirical part,this paper uses the data of apple trade between China and15 importing countries in 2001-2017,uses the deformation and expansion of the trade gravity model,adds several other important variables based on the original variables,and carries out relevant data.According to the calculation results of the model,the effects of all variables have reached the expected results.The maximum pesticide residue limit and the Global GAP certification have a significant effect on Chinese apple exports,but the effect of the two is different,the former is the inhibitory effect and the latter is the positive effect.At the end of the article,the development of China's apple export and agricultural food product standards was discussed from three aspects: government,enterprises,and apple industry associations,and corresponding suggestions were given: the government should improve the quality standards system of domestic apples and strengthen apples.The whole process of industry monitoring,improving the standard implementation of small-scale apple production farmers,strengthening international cooperation,striving for national interests,etc.;enterprises should establish an apple food safety traceability system,strengthen the agricultural practices of apple planting bases;Apple industry associations should take the lead in building apples Industry communication platform.