Study On Spatial Differences And Driving Forces Of The Urbanization Development In Xinjiang

The level of urbanization is becoming an important criterion,when considering the comprehensive strength,competitive of a country or a region.Therefore,in the interest of promoting the rapid and healthy development of urbanization in Xinjiang province,a new evaluation system,including 5 dimensions,on the level of urbanization is established in this paper.And,there are total 23 indexes in the 5 dimensions which are population,economic,social,municipal and ecological urbanization.Firstly,the weight and the score of each index are calculated by the entropy method in terms of the platform of MATLAB software.Secondly,for the sake of researching the spatiotemporal evolution law and spatial characteristics of the urbanization level in Xinjiang,the development level of each dimension in 85 counties and cities are analyzed through the exploratory spatial data analysis Method(ESDA),all of analysis are based on ArcGIS 10.1 software.Finally,the studies consist of the influence and the driving factors of urbanization employ Pearson correlation coefficient,OLS regression model and GWR regression model.The main research results are as follows:(1)Generally,the level of synthetical urbanization is increasing in various counties and cities,and,there has been a decrease in the relative gap among the counties and cities every year.The ranking of level of comprehensive urbanization is stable,Urumqi,Karamay ranked in the top two,Changji,Hami,Kuerlei and other county-level city stably appeared in the top 10,the cities and counties,which always were found in last ten,belong to southern Xinjiang region.(2)The comprehensive urbanization level of counties and cities in Xinjiang has significant spatial correlation,and the high(low)value areas have significant spatial gather,the cities and counties,which have high(low)score,gather closely in location,as follows: 1)high score regions is the "Urumqi,Kechang" urban cluster,the core of the cluster is Urumqi and Karamay,low score regions are mainly distributed in Ili,Hetian,Kashgar and Kezhou.2)The level of comprehensive urbanization gradually increases from west to East in longitude along x-direction,the same tendency happens from south to north along y-direction.(3)The development level of comprehensive urbanization of counties and cities in Xinjiang is the result of the combination of various dimensions of urbanization development level.The relevant of comprehensive urbanization and population urbanization are strong,lower than that is the correlation between the economic urbanization,the social urbanization and comprehensive urbanization,the relevant between the municipal,the ecological urbanization and the comprehensive urbanization are weak.(4)According to OLS regression model analysis,results show that: 1)urban population size is an important driving force for urbanization development;2)industrial gross product is positive,but its influence in the whole model is in the middle and lower ranking;3)the positive relevant between per capita fiscal budget income and the level of comprehensive urbanization is gradually strong 4)per capita social consumption of retail sales have a significant positive correlation with the development level of comprehensive urbanization,which plays an important role in promoting the development of comprehensive urbanization;5)per capita investment in fixed assets of the whole society has a significant positive promoting to the development level of comprehensive urbanization.(5)Regression coefficients of urban population size in spatial distribution show that 1)southern Xinjiang is a high-value gather area,Northern Xinjiang and Eastern Xinjiang is a low-value area,and the increase of urban population size in southern Xinjiang is more obvious to the development of comprehensive urbanization than that in northern Xinjiang and Eastern Xinjiang.2)The regression coefficient of the proportion of industrial gross product to GDP in spatial distribution shows that North Xinjiang and East Xinjiang are high-value areas and South Xinjiang are low-value agglomeration areas,which confirms the overall industrial layout of "North Industry and South Agriculture" in Xinjiang.3)The regression coefficients of per capita fiscal budgetary income in spatial distribution show that North Xinjiang and East Xinjiang are low-value agglomeration areas and South Xinjiang are high-value agglomeration areas,reflecting that the increase of per capita fiscal budgetary income in South Xinjiang is more sensitive to the impact of the development level of comprehensive urbanization,which is better than that in North Xinjiang and East Xinjiang.4)The drastic evolution of the regression coefficient of per capita retail sales of consumer goods in spatial distribution reflects that consumption level plays an important role in stimulating economic growth and promoting the level of comprehensive urbanization in Xinjiang.5)The drastic evolution of the regression coefficient of fixed assets per capita reflects the change of the focus of fixed assets investment and infrastructure construction in Xinjiang in different periods,and reflects the accurate judgment and layout of social development by the government.This kind of control with overall view is irreplaceable for the improvement of comprehensive urbanization development in Xinjiang.