The Influence Of Marketization On Entrepreneurship

China's economy has rapidly increased since the reform and opening-up,and created the " Chinese increment miracle".Although researchers at home and abroad tried to explain the miracle from various angles,there is a considerable fact that Chinese entrepreneurs,especially private entrepreneurs,played an important role in creating that miracle.As the leader of economy increment,entrepreneurs make great contributions to creating social wealth,making innovations in production techniques,producing production and providing jobs.In the past 40 years,the scale of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs group is growing rapidly,and it owes to the continuous advancing of marketing process.In theory,the reform and opening-up in China,establishing market economy and a series of system innovations released and inspired entrepreneurship.Intutively,the coming of four times of entrepreneurship waves is a result of pushing marketing process in China.So how to connect the marketing process and entrepreneurship in China? How does the level of marketing process affect entrepreneurship? How to improve the level of marketing process under the circumstance of encouraging mass entrepreneurship and innovation? In this paper,we try to answer these questions with institutional economics,econometrics and enterprise economics theories.In this paper,we first use the marketization index to measure the development of marketing process recent years in China,and give an overview of the development of marketing process in the past 40 years.After measuring,we found that China has established market economy preliminarily and entered the primary stage of marketization,but there are still some problems such as excessive government intervention in the market,the over-dependence on the bank of financial market and the inadequate laws and regulations related to market.However,even in this case,the marketing process is still on a gradual upward trend.In contrast,the increasing trend of entrepreneur's business is more intense.Simultaneously,we found that the entrepreneur's business level is different between different regions because there are differences in the market degree of different regions.Secondly,according to the transaction cost theory in the theory of institutional economics,we suggest that there is a U-shaped relationship between marketing degree and entrepreneurship.In regions with higher market degree,the increase of market degree leads to the decrease of the cost of taking on enterprise,reduce the transaction costs between two enterprises,and there are more market opportunities in regions with higher market degree,so it provides a rallying point for entrepreneurs,and improves the entrepreneur's business level.According to this,we suggest the firsy hypothesis: as a whole,marketing process boosts entrepreneurship.On the contrary,in regions with low market degrees,the increase of market degrees leads to more fussy procedures,which raises the cost of entrepreneur's business,and the increase of market opportunities accompanies more risks.Under the low market degrees,the relevant policies of risk aversion are insufficient,and the depression brought by the increasing risks is greater than the positive effect brought by the increase of opportunities,so the entrepreneur's business level of this region is depressed.According to this,we suggest the second hypothesis: marketing process inhibits entrepreneurship at first,then the process boosts entrepreneurship.Thirdly,we select 2000-2010 as sample period,and select the market degree and entrepreneur's business index of 31 provinces of China Mainland to make empirical tests,and we proved that the marketing process of China has influence on entrepreneur's business.From the regression results,we found that when the market degree is under a specified value,the increase of market degree will depress the entrepreneur's business.Along with the increase of market degree,the entrepreneur's business level and the entrepreneurship are decreasing until the market degree reaches a threshold.So we veryfied that there is a U-shaped relationship between marketing process and entrepreneurship,and the correctness of the two hypotheses.When the market degree reached the threshold,the increase of market degree results in significant facilitation for entrepreneur's business.Besides,GDP per capita,opening degree of trade and education level per capita has significant positive impact on improving entrepreneur's business level,and infrastructure has significant negative impact on it.Although the industrial structure and the labor structure has negative impact too,it's insignificant and the impact is very limited.Hence,this conclusion proves that the influence of marketing process on entrepreneur's business is not static,and provides new experimental evidence of the influence of marketing process on entrepreneur's business to current researchers.Finally,based on theoretical analysis and empirical test,according to research result and related explanations,we suggest the relative suggestions on constructing socialist market economy in China to make contribution to China's construction of market economy and the development of economy from four perspectives: the relations between government and market,the construction of law,the opening of trading and the economic freedom and construction of financial market.