| In the new economic development environment of the 21 st century,the sustainable growth model of the national economy has undergone a tremendous transformation.The traditional economic development model that has driven economic growth driven by the number of input factors in the past has been transformed into a new economic development model that relies on the improvement of social total factor productivity to drive economic growth.This means that the country’s ability to innovate and the number of scientific and technological achievements has become The key support point for national economic growth.Faced with the opportunities and challenges brought by the Internet revolution to the global economy,all countries in the world are increasing the cultivation of domestic scientific and technological innovation capabilities,trying to occupy the commanding heights of international scientific and technological innovation.Premier Li Keqiang also repeatedly mentioned the need to "mass entrepreneurship,innovation" and accelerate the building of China into an innovative technology power.Whether it is from the investment of R&D funds and the training of R&D personnel,or from the breakthrough of new technologies and the application and authorization of patent projects,enterprises are the decisive force in national R&D innovation activities.Therefore,the input of enterprise R&D innovation and the output capacity of scientific and technological achievements are related to the strength of China’s scientific and technological innovation capability,and also have a profound impact on whether China’s economy can achieve sustainable and healthy development.According to the statistics in the National Innovation Index Report 2017,China’s national innovation index ranks 17 th in the world,and the score of the innovation index is growing.The gap between the top and the top developed countries in technological innovation is growing.Zoom out.Looking at the level of R&D investment in countries all over the world,China ranks second only to the United States in total R&D expenditure,but it lags behind more countries in R&D investment intensity and R&D human capital investment.To a certain extent,it restricts the improvement of China’s scientific and technological innovation capabilities.Due to the high risk of R&D investment,the uncertainty of R&D results and the externalities of R&D benefits,the strength of R&D investment by business owners will be seriously weakened.In this way,there is a market failure in the level of R&D investment of enterprises.This requires the government to play the role of “tangible hand” and intervene in the investment of R&D and innovation to correct market failure.Tax preferential policies can be used as an effective means for the government to correct market failures.Increasing tax incentives for corporate R&D and innovation activities can create a good external environment for R&D and innovation activities.This article is divided into five chapters:The first chapter is the introductory part.Firstly,the research background and significance of this paper are introduced.Secondly,the related research literatures in the field of tax incentives to promote R&D investment in enterprises are reviewed,and a systematic review of the literature is formed.Then the research content and research of this paper are studied.The method is elaborated in detail.Finally,the possible innovations of this paper are introduced and the shortcomings of this paper are reflected.The second chapter is a theoretical analysis of the tax incentives for promoting enterprise R&D.In this chapter,the related concepts and related theories of enterprise R&D investment are defined,and the mechanism of tax incentives to promote R&D investment by enterprises is analyzed.The third chapter first analyzes the R&D level of Chinese enterprises from 2000 to 2017 from three aspects of R&D capital investment,R&D personnel input and R&D output level,and compares with some countries to get the problems of R&D in China.In the three major taxes of value-added tax,enterprise income tax and personal income tax,the related preferential tax policies for promoting R&D investment of enterprises are sorted out.Finally,on the basis of policy analysis,the problems of the current preferential tax policies for promoting R&D investment in enterprises are pointed out.The fourth chapter selects the relevant data of 126 high-tech enterprises listed on the GEM,and empirically analyzes the effect between China’s current tax incentives and enterprise R&D.The conclusions are as follows: Firstly,the overall tax burden level of enterprises The investment intensity of R&D of enterprises is significantly negatively correlated.Secondly,the tax incentives for tax classifications show that the restraining effect of income tax on R&D investment of enterprises is greater than the suppression effect of VAT,and the R&D expenses plus deduction of preferential policies and the software industry VAT are immediately refunded.The company has positive incentives for R&D investment;finally,from the perspective of the company’s own development,the company’s own profitability has a positive correlation with the company’s R&D investment,and the company’s size and asset-liability ratio are negatively correlated with R&D investment intensity.On the basis of the previous analysis,the fifth chapter puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the tax preferential policies for promoting R&D in China.Put forward corresponding policy recommendations from five aspects: improving the preferential tax policy for turnover tax,improving the preferential tax policy for income tax,strengthening the support for scientific research personnel,improving the tax incentives for small and medium-sized enterprises,and improving the profitability of enterprises. |
