Research On The Development Of Small And Medium Enterprise Annuity

In the "13th Five-Year Plan" outline,China pointed out that it is necessary to accelerate the popularization of mass entrepreneurship and many initiatives to promote the rapid development of small and medium-sized enterprises.In order to promote the healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises,in recent years,China has introduced a series of policy systems,and the development environment of SMEs has gradually improved.Faced with the complicated environmental and economic downward pressure at home and abroad,the development of SMEs still faces great pressure and challenges.With the gradual deepening of China's population aging,"not getting rich first" has become a feature,the accelerated development of urbanization,and the problem of population aging has become a prominent problem.In order to actively respond to the aging of the population,China has established a three-pillar social security system.However,the development of the three-pillar system is very uneven.The basic pension insurance is “one big” and almost bears all the pressures of old-age care.The important components of the two pillars have failed to play a leading role and have a limited role in supplementing the pension.In particular,there is an imbalance in the development of enterprise annuities,mostly concentrated in large state-owned enterprises and monopoly enterprises,and small and medium-sized enterprises are rarely established.Therefore,promoting the establishment of enterprise annuities for SMEs is of great significance to alleviating the pressure of population aging,expanding the coverage of enterprises and the scale of funds,giving full play to the role of supplementary pension,and promoting social equity and multi-level social security system.This paper aims to study the development of SMEs' annuity,using literature search,empirical analysis,and questionnaire survey.By consulting the literature and government documents,we carefully searched and compiled the statistical yearbook of the National Bureau of Statistics,the statistical bulletin on the development of human resources and social security undertakings,the summary of the national enterprise annuity fund business data,relevant laws and regulations and implementation methods,and related documents and documents.And the data were summarized and analyzed,and the status quo and existingproblems of SME annuities were analyzed.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 10 SMEs and 147 employees to understand the current development of SMEs' annuity,and 147 SMEs were analyzed by SPSS binary logistic regression analysis.The significant influence factors of enterprise employees participating in enterprise annuity were analyzed,and the SPSS description statistical method was used to describe the frequency of employee participation,old-age care,and understanding.Among them,the employee's participation in the enterprise annuity is significantly affected by the way of pension and the degree of understanding,which is the innovation of this article.The research results show that after nearly 20 years of development,China's SME annuities have achieved certain development,but compared with developed countries,it is still slow to develop,coverage and fund size are relatively small,investment returns are unstable,and yields are low..The study found that SMEs mainly have five problems: the lack of funds for SMEs to establish enterprise annuities,the weak economic foundation,and the lack of conditions for establishment.The excessively high basic old-age insurance rate increases the cost of SMEs,increases the operating burden,and further narrows the profit margin.The growth rate of SMEs' annuities is slow,and development encounters bottlenecks,which are far from the corporate annuity system.The establishment of enterprise annuity is high,transaction costs and management costs are high;the participation rate of SMEs in establishing enterprise annuities is low,no matter the number of enterprises,the number of employees and large enterprises,there is a big gap,the fund scale is relatively small;SMEs and employees participate in enterprises The annuity will be low and the demand will be insufficient.Through the survey of enterprises and employees,most enterprises and employees are unwilling to participate in the enterprise annuity under the premise of voluntarily choosing whether to participate in the enterprise annuity.The main reason for the problem of SMEs' annuity is that there is a lack of scientific top-level design,the three pillars are not balanced,and the enterprise annuity does not play its due role.Without perfect laws and regulations and implementation rules,the incentive effect of tax incentives is insufficient;Compared with a single plan,the annuity investment products suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises have too few collective plans;the life cycleof small and medium-sized enterprises is short,and the human resources management talents are lacking;the pension methods and understanding of employees affect the enthusiasm of participating in enterprise annuities,and there are basic pensions.The lack of understanding of employees and enterprise annuities has greatly affected the enthusiasm of employees to participate in corporate annuities.This article draws on the US 401(K)plan and proposes targeted countermeasures according to China's national conditions.The first is to strengthen the top-level design of science,thoroughly reform the entire social security system,appropriately reduce the basic pension insurance rate,and open the second.The third pillar provides channels for personnel mobility;the second is to improve relevant laws and regulations and implementation rules,increase the implementation of tax incentives,and stimulate the enthusiasm of small and medium-sized enterprises to establish enterprise annuities;develop more collection plans suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises to attract more SMEs enter the market;take various measures to delay the life cycle of SMEs,strengthen the training of professional human resources talents;carry out various forms of propaganda,increase publicity,enhance the understanding of SMEs and employees on enterprise annuities,and promote small and medium-sized enterprises Enterprise annuity development.