Dynamic Pricing Research For Crowdsourcing Logistics Under Sharing Economy

The socialized services providers are shared by crowdsourcing logistics model under the concept of "sharing economy" to meet the stochastic logistics demand.It not only improves the efficiency of logistics and distribution,but also reduces the cost of logistics distribution.At the same time,it brings huge economic benefits to crowdsourcing logistics service providers.with the competition between crowdsourcing logistics service providers and the loss of orders caused by the imbalance between supply and demand,how to formulate an effective logistics service pricing strategy to obtain greater benefits has become the key to the success of crowdsourcing logistics service providers.Therefore,this paper focuses on the characteristics of random demand and fluctuations of crowdsourcing logistics,considering the price competition of crowdsourcing logistics service providers and the constraint of social distribution supply capacity on demand,and establishing different dynamic pricing models for crowdsourcing logistics.The optimal control method is used to obtain the optimal price solution,and the impact of competition coefficient and return rate of socialized services providers on pricing is analyzed.Firstly,the dynamic pricing of crowdsourcing logistics under stochastic demand is studied.Based on the characteristics of crowdsourcing logistics requirements,a dynamic pricing model for crowdsourcing logistics services is built,and the optimal control method is used to obtain theoptimal price solution.The research results show that the optimal price of crowdsourcing logistics services dynamically changes with the fluctuation of market demand,and crowdsourcing logistics service providers should formulate different optimal price strategies according to different market demand conditions.In addition,through numeric simulation,we can further understand that the worse market demand,the lower the expected return of crowdsourcing logistics service providers.Secondly,consider the competition among crowdsourcing logistics service providers,further explore the dynamic pricing of crowdsourcing logistics under the fluctuation of demand and the impact of competition on pricing.Based on Bertrand's price competition game theory,a dynamic pricing model for crowdsourcing logistics services under stochastic demand is built.The optimal control method is also used to obtain the optimal price solution.The numeric simulation results show that the optimal price of crowdsourcing logistics services in the competitive environment also dynamically changes with the fluctuation of market demand.The competition between crowdsourcing logistics service providers will affect the optimal price.The more intense the competition,the lower the price of optimal crowdsourcing logistics services.Moreover,price competition among crowdsourcing logistics service providers will reduce the expected return of service providers.Thirdly,consider the characteristics of social delivery and cumulative loss order cost,establish a dynamic pricing model of crowdsourcing logistics services under random demand,and use the Pontryagin maximum principle to solve the optimal price of crowdsourcing logistics services.The optimal pricing track of crowdsourcing logistics services and the changing rules of the social distribution supply capacity of crowdsourcing logistics when the balance between supply and service demand or the cumulative loss order cost is minimized,and the return rate of socialized services providers is analyzed for pricing and revenues.The numeric simulation resultsshow that the dynamic pricing strategy of crowdsourcing logistics service can stimulate the social distribution supply capacity and maximize the expected revenue of crowdsourcing logistics service platform.Finally,the research contents are summarized and evaluated,and some research directions to be further developed are put forward.