Research On The Improvement Of Customs Valuation System

With the deepening of economic globalization,it has become a common consensus of the international community to simplify customs clearance procedures and promote trade facilitation.Customs valuation is the process by which Customs determines the customs duty value of imported and exported goods in accordance with domestic laws and regulations and price guidelines.It is one of the three major technical measures of Customs and is an important means of implementing tariff policies.Since China's accession to the WTO,China's customs valuation system has achieved significant progress in overall integration with the international community.However,there are still some areas that are not reasonable.It is of great significance to improve the customs valuation system to promote trade convenience and improve customs management performance.The theory of transaction costs of the new institutional economics holds that there are transaction costs in the market trading activities for achieving and fulfilling a contract.Transaction costs also exist in management behavior and political behavior.International trade as a cross-border transaction inevitably has transaction costs and it is greatly affected by the customs policies of the trading countries.The transaction cost theory opens a new way for the study of the improvement of the customs valuation system.Whether the concept of customs valuation is neutral,whether the customs valuation system is reasonable and perfect,and whether the customs valuation method is advanced science will directly affect the convenience of customs clearance and thus affect the transaction costs of traders.In addition,the valuation behavior itself also generates management costs and affects social costs.This article reviews the development of the customs valuation system and the current customs valuation system in China.It introduces the concepts,extensions,influencing factors of transaction cost economics,and implications for China' s development and reform,analyzes the impact of customs valuation on market transaction costs and the impact on customs' own management costs,and other impacts from the perspective of transaction costs theory.At the same time,it searches for some imperfect and unreasonable performance of China's customs valuation system and analyses the reasons why the current valuation system leads to higher transaction costs from the perspective of valuation concepts,management systems,and internal and external environments.It also demonstrates changes in transaction costs of customs valuation before and after customs clearance across the country and suggests how to reduce transaction costs and improve the valuation system:Firstly,reshape the concept of valuation and improve the legal system;Secondly,use scientific and technological means to enhance the level of valuation management;The third is to optimize the governance mechanism of customs valuation.