| Since the invention of paper,the durable collection of paper archives has become an important topic.Due to the physical,chemical,biological and human factors,the paper archives,acidification,mildew,moth and other factors seriously affect the durability of paper.At the same time,some archives warehouses suffer from fire due to negligent management,which causes a large number of archives to be torched.In recent years,a large number of research methods for acidification,mildew and moth of paper archives have emerged,bringing forth new ideas.However,most of these studies are on the rescue restoration of paper archives that have been acidified,moth-eaten and mouldy,lacking the idea of preventive protection.The preservation of archives is usually placed in certain collection equipment,which is the closest contact with the archives themselves.Collection equipment can provide a small environment for the collection and preservation of archives.In this paper,four kinds of common collection equipment on the market:ordinary file box,domestic acid-free paper box,imported acid-free paper box,and special collection equipment(Engineering Research Center of Historical Cultural Heritage Conservation,Ministry of Education Shaanxi Normal University)are studied in the following aspects:1.Study on the durability of paper with four kinds of collecting equipment.The paper samples of Shengxuan,Shuxuan and Letter Paper,which are most commonly used in paper archives,are collected and protected with four kinds of collecting devices.The macroscopic properties of the samples before and after aging,such as pH,whiteness,folding resistance,tension resistance,tensile strength,tearing strength and softness,were tested.The crystallinity and morphology of the samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The adsorption and buffering properties of volatile acids and bases on collecting cardboard were tested.The experimental results show that the durability of acid-free paper cartridges and special storage devices is basically the same as that of ordinary file boxes.Oddy test shows that acid-free paper box and special collection fittings meet the basic protection needs of collection cultural relics.2.Study on the anti-mildew performance of four kinds of collecting fittings.Paper was put into several kinds of collecting equipment and tested in high humidity environment to observe its anti-mildew effect on several kinds of equipment.Morphology and molecular identification of mildew on the surface and internal paper of mouldy storage equipment were carried out.The experimental results showed that the common file box and acid-free paper box had no mildew-proof characteristics.The special storage equipment could protect the common mildew in archives,such as Aspergillus heterochromatosus,Aspergillus niger,Aspergillus fumigatus,Penieillium oxalate,Penicillium rope and other Penicillium and spheres.Hair shells and so on.3.Study on the insect-proof performance of four kinds of collection equipment.Firstly,a large number of file pests collected from Fujian and Chongqing archives producing insect borers were cultured and propagated,and paper was added to several collection devices.Then,they were placed in the receipt boxes of a large number of insect pests to study the effect of insect control and molecular identification of the pests.The results showed that the common file pests were tobacco beetle and black fur beetle.The common file box and acid-free paper box had no anti-insect characteristics.The special storage device could protect the common file pests.Field tests of special storage equipment in warehouses with a large number of pests showed that special storage equipment still had the characteristics of insect control in the field environment of the warehouse.4.Study on the fire protection performance of four kinds of collection equipment.Four kinds of collecting cardboard were tested for burning paper and cardboard.The results show that the flame retardant properties of special collecting cardboard fully meet the national requirements for flame retardant cardboard.The results of thermogravimetric analysis show that the thermal stability of common file box cardboard and acid-free paper box cardboard is poor,and the thermal stability of special storage cardboard is better because a glass-like covering is formed on the surface of special storage equipment after heating,which can greatly enhance the thermal stability of special storage cardboard.Binders are usually used in the manufacture of collecting fittings.In this paper,the oxygen index of the self-made fire-proof cardboard binder is analyzed.The results show that the fire-proof cardboard binder reaches the flame-retardant grade,and the bonding performance of the binder is better.Special collection fittings have outstanding performance in acid-proof durability,insect-proof,mildew-proof,fire-proof and heat-proof.The acid-free paper cartridge is outstanding in the acid-proof durability of paper and does not possess the characteristics of insect-proof,mildew-proof and fire-proof.Ordinary archive boxes do not have the characteristics of acid-proof durability,insect-proof,mildew-proof and fire-proof,and their self-existence will have a certain impact on the safety of cultural relics archives. |
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