Science Teaching Based On Scientific Argumentation

In recent years,students’ ability of scientific argumentation has been paid more and more attention by relevant scholars at home and abroad,and scientific argumentation ability has become an indispensable link for students to understand scientific knowledge,master scientific skills and study scientific and technological innovation.With the promulgation of the new-generation scientific education standard,people’s eyes gradually shifted from scientific inquiry to scientific practice,paying more attention to the cultivation of students’scientific argumentation ability,developing students’ scientific literacy.In view of reality,the current domestic science teaching,will involve a small number of argumentation ability,but lack of meaning construction,too formal,and lack of primary school stage ofscientific argumentation teaching research.In view of the above situation,from the following four aspects of scientific demonstration teaching research:① The essence of the activities of scientific argumentation,what is the classical demonstration of scientific argumentation model?② What are the models or strategies that are suitable for the teaching of scientific argumentation?③ How to choose scientific learning content and argumentation strategy to design argumentation teaching?④ the implementation of scientific argumentation after teaching what is found,can provide educators with the argument for teaching what advice.Through reading and analyzing related literatures,we found that although the scientific argumentation is only in recent years to stand out from the scientific inquiry,but the development has a long history,has its profound theoretical foundation and research model.On the basis of summarizing predecessors ’ knowledge and experience,posterity will develop many classical models,such as:① Socrates ’ argumentation mode,② Aristotle’s argumentation mode,③ Toulmin’s argumentation mode,④ Rosen’s argumentation mode,⑤ Kuhn’s argumentation mode.By adopting the classical argumentation model or pattern transformation,the argumentation activities can show the scientific essence and significance in practice.The essence of scientific argumentation activities can be summed up as follows:① a rational activity;② an interactive dialogue;③ a critical thinking.After continuous research and analysis,this paper divides the teaching of scientific argumentation into four major fields of science education:① Social-science Issues,② History of Science,③ Scientific Concept,④ Scientific experiment Research.With the tireless efforts of scientists and educators,now in these four fields,it has formedits unique scientific demonstration teaching mode,which instructs teachers to combine the suitable teaching content,the students development,the realistic condition,and so on,exert the teacher’s creative innovative thinking,carry on the science demonstration teaching,thus unceasingly consummates the demonstration teaching form,cultivate students’ ability of scientific argumentation.On this basis,in order to promote the scientific demonstration teaching mode smoothly to the primary school science classroom,from the Soviet School of Science in primary schools selected the "Our Food Safety","the Shape of the Earth","no seeds can reproduce it","what is in the air" four content design teaching and implementation,these content conforms to the scientific argument of the argument requirements,It can form one by one correspondence relationship with four scientific teaching fields such as social science subject,science history,scientific concept,scientific experiment inquiry,and knowledge originates from textbook,which accords with the cognitive development characteristic of primary school students.Through the above research,it is found that scientific teaching based on argumentation can arouse students’ enthusiasm for inquiry,guide students’ learning innovation and promote the development of students’ argumentation ability.On the basis of this,the author puts forward some suggestions on the implementation of the teaching of scientific argumentation:① strengthen the demonstration teaching consciousness,select to demonstrate the teaching subject matter,② create the scientific argumentation situation,increase the opportunity of argumentation activity,(3)enrich the argumentation teaching strategy,choose appropriate demonstration teaching mode,④ strengthen the argumentation teaching evaluation,perfect the demonstration teaching form.