Junior High School Chemistry "acid, Alkali, Salt" Phase Isomerism Wants To Diagnose Research

The core idea of basic education curriculum reform is to focus on the development of students.Development needs to be based on a certain foundation.After all,students are not "brained into the classroom empty-handedly".This requires teachers to be based on the students' basics on the one hand,and on the other hand,It is also necessary to consider the student's existing knowledge and experience,recognize this,and then select teaching methods that are appropriate for student development to help students acquire scientific knowledge.We refer to students' ideas or views that are inconsistent with scientific concepts that are formed before,during,and after teaching as "Alternative Framework." It is important to differentiate and change these alternative frameworks that are inconsistent with the scientific concept,because they are intended to affect students' learning of scientific concepts and hinder the acquisition of knowledge.At present,the methods for diagnosing alternative frameworks in scientific education research are mainly interviews,open tests,concept maps,traditional multiple-choice tests,and two-tier multiple-choice tests.In recent years,the international scientific education and research community has developed new research tools such as three-tier multiple-choice tests and four-tier multiple-choice tests,each of which has its own advantages and limitations,compared to a four-tier multiple-choice test.The improvement of the two-tier multiple-choice test is to include a "confidence tier" in the two-tier answer layer and the reason layer to make it a four-tier multiple-choice test.This diagnostic tool can compensate for the inadequacies of other research methods.This can not only effectively detect the students' alternative frameworks on related topics,but also can determine the nature and intensity of these alternative frameworks with the help of confidence rating.In this study,a self-designed four-tier multiple-choice test is used as a research tool,and junior high school chemistry "acid-base and salt" is taken as an example to study the existence of phase alternative frameworks in the junior high school students and the four-toier test in the phase isomerism.We want to be useful in diagnosis.The research results show that the four-tier multiple-choice test has good practicality in the research of phase-to-phase alternative framework diagnostics.The tool diagnoses students' concept understanding in the acid,the nature of the acid,the concept understanding of the base,the nature of the base,and the salt The seven themes of concept understanding,the nature of salts,and the reaction between acid and base salts are thought to have different degrees of alternative frameworks.In this study,a total number of compounds such as "H-containing compounds are acids" and "H+ionized" have been diagnosed.The compound is an acid,the compound containing an OH is a base,the compound capable of ionizing an OH' is a base,the acid solution is an acid solution,the alkaline solution is an alkali solution,and the salt is an instant salt,etc.According to Tan,if the probability of an option combination being selected is higher than 10%of the random selection probability of this option,the related alternative framework is "typical".This study has Twenty-three are typical alternative frameworks.We have conducted a detailed analysis of the reasons for their formation.According to the Caleon's standard,if the average confidence rating of typical isomerism is higher than 50%,then it is true If less than 50%is a pseudo-isomerous idea,13 out of the 23 typical alternative frameworks are genuinely alternative framework and the other 10 are spuriously alternative framework.Compared with the spuriously alternative framework,the genuinely alternative framework is stubborn and the traditional teaching model cannot be changed effectively.It is a boycott of teaching and needs special attention from teachers.