Research On The Mechanism Of Grassroots Government Purchasing Community Welfare Services

The purchase of community welfare service by local government is advocated by the government and the social forces and their stakeholders to jointly provide community welfare services under the background of building a multi-level social security system in the new era of China,so as to ensure that it can meet the increasing demand of the people’s welfare service to the maximum extent and enhance the overall level of social welfare.It plays an important role in transforming the traditional welfare service supply system,transmission mechanism,and stimulating the vitality of social subjects.It is a multibeneficial innovation of social security governance,especially for communities and social organizations.In this study,district L of N city of the national community governance and service innovation pilot zone in 2019 was selected as the research object,and a panoramic and whole-process study on the purchasing mechanism of community welfare services in district L was conducted mainly by means of literature analysis,participatory observation and indepth interview.The mechanism of purchasing community welfare service by local government is discussed in the double principal-agent structure composed of the streetpivotal social organization,the community neighborhood committee-service social organization.This paper focuses on the operation process of the purchase of community welfare service mechanism by local government under the structure,the characteristics of the principal-agent relationship in the operation process,and how the characteristics of the relationship affect the welfare generation,and then puts forward some optimization strategies.It is found that(1)the mechanism of purchasing community welfare service by local government operates under the dual principal-agent structure,in which the interaction among the participants is characterized by insufficient competition,incomplete contract and unequal cooperation.(2)Under the dual principal-agent structure,the operation of the purchasing mechanism produces both positive and negative results.The positive performance is the adjustment and establishment of the welfare governance mechanism,the emergence of the multi-governance pattern and the "catfish effect ",the release of community construction vitality,the effective transformation of service resources,and the enhanced sense of public welfare.The reverse side exposes the defects of both principal and agent,and has different performance in different entrustment levels: the client defect of target replacement and the lack of publicity is prone to occur in the first layer of principalagent relationship,and the agent defect of adverse selection,moral hazard,incentives and supervision incentive and supervision is prominent in the second layer of principal-agent relationship.(3)As a government-purchased service of social security policy,the outsourcing contract should be paid special attention to its public welfare attribute.Faced with the entrustment problem at different levels,this paper attempts to propose a systematic optimization strategy from three dimensional of cognition,system establishment and network support.