Research On The Status Quo Of Small Latin American Countries Participating In Global Governance

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,a large number of international issues have emerged with the development of globalization.A number of security issues with transnational characteristics,climate change and ecological environment issues,economic issues,transnational crime and basic human rights have emerged.Global governance is increasingly arouse the attention of the international community.In order to cope with the negative effects of globalization,more and more countries have begun to participate in the process of global governance.In this process,small countries have become increasingly active,actively participating in discussions on issues that are closely related to their own development,and their discourse influence has increased.If it is said that on the issue of global governance,big countries are the main rule-makers,then medium-sized and small countries are both perfectors of the existing governance system and play an important role on many issues.Although it is far from the obvious advantages that large countries are easily perceived by the international community,small countries have always been an important participant in the globalization process and one of the carriers of power transfer in the international system.In fact,the sensitivity,vulnerability,or priority of small country groups to certain issues in international politics has caused them to have a unique preference and attention to this issue,which eventually led to the issue gradually evolved into the"dominant areas" and "expertise areas" of small countries.".For small Latin American countries,they also play a role that cannot be ignored in global governance issues in the non-economic and security fields.Some small countries have even played an important role in changing the decision-making and global actions of large countries.After combing and analyzing the facts of small Latin American countries participating in global governance,this article believes that in the current stage of transformation of global governance development,small Latin American countries can also exert their abilities through multiple channels to play an active and meaningful role on issues of climate governance and sustainable development in global governance,and finally achieves the effect of safeguarding national interests,improving global governance issues,promoting the development of related governance processes,and implementing relevant concepts.The thesis consists of five parts.The first part is an introduction,which mainly introduces the background of topic selection and the research status of small countries.After the end of the Cold War,globalization has become one of the development trends with the greatest impact,the strongest penetration,and the widest coverage,and the interdependence between countries has become deeper and deeper.While the world is changing,global issues are also increasing,and global governance has become a hot topic for discussion.However,under the influence of realism,there is not much research on small countries in the field of international relations,and the literature about small countries’ participation in global governance is very limited.Therefore,this section briefly reviews the research on small countries.The second part introduces the concepts and contents of globalization and global governance theory.The process of globalization has begun very early.From the perspective of trade globalization in the narrow sense,it can be traced back to the opening of new routes in the late 15 th century,while globalization in the broad sense includes more issues than trade,focusing on the development of the 20 th century.After the outbreak of the third technological revolution in the 1980 s,facing the new problems brought about by the development of globalization,a single country cannot effectively solve them,and global governance has emerged.The global governance theory was formally formed in the 1990 s,mainly including five elements of governance: value,regulation,subject,object and effect.The three schools of international relations theory have also made different interpretations of global governance.This article hopes that the introduction in this part will deepen the understanding of global governance at the theoretical level,break through the limitation of considering big powers as the main actors of global governance from the perspective of power in traditional realism,and explain the participation of small Latin American countries in global governance Theoretical bedding.The third part connects small Latin American countries with the process of globalization and global governance.First,the article reviews the process of the integration into globalization from the perspective of the entire Latin American region,and explore the impact of globalization on the development of the region,thereby providing realistic support for the needs of small Latin American countries in participating in global governance.Second,we sort out and summarize the perceptions of global governance in Latin America.Finally,it specifically puts forward the expected goals of small Latin American countries when participating in global governance.The fourth part is based on the theory mentioned above,combing with the practice of small Latin American countries participating in global governance.It mainly includes three aspects: the ability,path and effect of small countries participating in global governance,which proves that small Latin American countries have indeed exerted their influence through multiple paths when facing global problems,and have made certain contributions to global governance in specific areas.Among them,the path of governance is the core of participating in governance.Small countries can actively participate in the international system and fight for institutional rights in the specific functional areas and use the existing global governance rules.Strategies,you can also choose to form alliances,expand influence and participate in multilateral forums,and propose new issues.The fifth part concludes with a brief summary of the participation of small Latin American countries in global governance.