Research On Shanghai Non-staple Food Production Base (1959-1961)

This paper takes 1959-1961 as the boundary,mainly studies the historical background,operation and final ownership of four non-staple food production bases in Shanghai suburbs established to solve the shortage of non-staple food supply in Shanghai at that time.From the perspective of historical background,in 1959,due to the popularization of people's commune,the mode of production and distribution changed.In the past,the supply of non-staple food in Shanghai mainly depended on transfer in from other provinces.However,after people's commune,there was no national order to transfer food.At the same time,people's commune blocked the supply of some small farmers.In addition,the population of Shanghai increased by 3 million in 1959,resulting in non-staple food The supply of food is extremely tight,so Shanghai decided to take Laogang,Changxing,Zhaolou and Hengsha farms as the bases of Shanghai's non-staple food supply.From the perspective of the operation of the farm,this paper mainly combs the management policy of the farm and the production and acquisition plan under the guidance of the contract system.The management of the farm mainly follows the principle of "unified leadership,unified planning and decentralized operation".On the basis of unified management,large-scale agricultural production to a certain extent leads to the increase of agricultural and sideline products trading volume.In order to more effectively promote the production and purchase plan of non-staple food,the state attaches great importance to the contract system.The government and the farm use the contract system to formulate the production and purchase plan,formulate the specific production plan according to the actual situation,and complete according to the production plan The acquisition task.Finally,the final ownership of the farm.The farm did not really solve the problem of non-staple food supply in Shanghai.After two years of huge losses,it began to clean up the farm.Since the establishmentof the farm in 1959,the income of the farm is less and the loss is more.It has not only lost most of the national investment funds,but also owed a large amount of loans.Therefore,it is difficult for the farm to continue to exist in the original way.In 1961,the scale of the state-owned farm began to be reduced,the assets of the farm were cleared in a large scale,the debts and fixed assets of the farm were cleared and transferred to the commune.It means that this attempt to establish a non-staple food production base in the suburbs is not successful.There are many reasons for the loss of farms,mainly the disadvantages of the people's commune system itself.The main reasons for the loss of farms are the communist style,one size fits all and the problem of blind command.Finally,the paper discusses the gain and loss in the process of establishing the non-staple food base,and uses the current perspective to recognize its historical value.