Huang Yun And Shanghai Special Municipal Government

The establishment of Shanghai Special Municipal Government in July 1927 was an important historical event in the development of modern Shanghai.There was a fierce struggle between the KMT and the CCP over whether the Shanghai municipal government should be democratically elected or appointed by the KMT.The Communist led third Shanghai workers' armed uprising and the holding of the Shanghai Citizen Representative Meeting to elect a provisional Shanghai special municipal government were important motives for Chiang Kai-shek's development of the Shanghai massacre of 1927.This article focuses on the question of why Chiang Kai-shek appointed Huang Fu as the first mayor of the Shanghai Special Municipal Government,which was established after the establishment of the National Government of the Republic of China,and how the administrative territorial entity was formed,Huang Fu in the establishment of municipal institutions,personnel arrangements,and other aspects of the political framework to adopt the National Government appointment system of Shanghai special municipal government and Chiang Kai-shek put forward the goal of "take back foreign areas" problems.These issues involved the personal relationship between Chiang Kai-shek and Huang Fu before and after the founding of the National Government of the Republic of China,the split between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party,and the split between the Nanjing and Wuhan dynasties,it also involves changes in the spatial scope and layout of Shanghai's urban development,as well as municipal institutions.In order to better understand the important historical turning point of the establishment of the National Government of the Republic of China,the interaction between local politics and municipal development in Shanghai and the national political situation is of great significance.This paper holds that Huang Fu's early participation in the Tong Meng Hui and the Revolution of 1911,and his subsequent accession to the Cabinet of the Beijing government,gave him both domestic and foreign experience and a high political reputation,which was one of the factors that led Chiang Kai-shek to appoint Huang Fu,but he paid more attention to the virtual blood relationship between Huang Fu and his brothers,who had been sworn brothers for more than 20 years.Under the political premise of "anti-communist",he chose Huang Fu as first mayor of Shanghai SpecialMunicipality.As a administrative territorial entity unit,Shanghai special city was formed gradually on the basis of the concept of "Chinese boundary" after the emergence of Shanghai foreign areas.At the end of the Qing Dynasty,the development of Zhabei District's municipal administration and Wusong's plan to open its own port led to the linkage between the two places in the period of the 1911 Revolution.In the 1920 s,the two places were linked into a special city of Songhu,and on the eve of the northern Expedition Army entering Shanghai,Songhu special city was officially renamed as Shanghai Special City.After Huang Fu assumed the post of mayor of Shanghai Special Municipality,on the basis of accepting the office of general Sun Chuanfang's supervisor in Shanghai,and taking the principle of multi level overall management system as the principle,he set up a municipal organization with 10 bureaus and one office,and through the selection of specialized personnel,to liaise with the industrial and commercial circles and coordinate the relations between the local party,government and military departments in Shanghai.Huang Fu,who has been mayor for just over a month,laid the groundwork for Shanghai's special municipal government with his extraordinary administrative skills.The establishment of Shanghai special municipal government is one of the political goals of "reclaiming foreign areas" by actively promoting municipal construction and implementing the "Greater Shanghai plan".However,the political structure of the Shanghai Special Municipal Government under the kuomintang-state system was incompatible with the goal of achieving "autonomy" in the foreign areas Chinese participation movement.In addition to being destroyed by the Japanese war of aggression,the "Greater Shanghai Plan" was financially unsustainable.Therefore,under the political system of the Kuomintang,the political goal of "reclaiming the foreign areas" proposed by Chiang Kai-shek at the inauguration ceremony of the Shanghai special municipal government could not be achieved.