A Comparative Study Of The Modern Chinese Interrogative Pronoun "how" And Vietnamese "sao"

Interrogative pronouns are important elements that constitute the Chinese and Vietnamese interrogative sentences.Among them,“zenme”and “sao” are the most basic interrogative pronouns in the Chinese and Vietnamese languages.Based on the theoretical value of cognitive linguistics and comparative linguistics,this paper deeply analyzes and points out the differences between the two languages of Chinese and Vietnamese based on the combination of Chinese and Vietnamese research results and a large number of corpora.It is hoped that through the final comparative analysis,students from both countries will find more connections between them,and will later help Chinese-Vietnamese translation and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.In my preliminary research,I found that in the question usage,“zenme”and “sao” are not exactly the same as the semantics and syntax of the two words except that they can be used together as adverbials,predicates,intensified interrogative modal words or separate sentences.There are also similar words that can replace their position in a certain context.“zenme” can be used to modify the noun phrases person and thing and act as a component of the attributive,while the Vietnamese interrogative pronoun sao does not have this usage;“sao” can be used directly in Vietnamese as the object of the verb là.The “zenme”of Chinese cannot be directly used as the object component;in the process of expression,sometimes “zenme”can overlap,but “sao” generally has little overlap Form;in addition,the syntactic differences between the two are so different that our students encounter some confusion in the process of use and translation;in both theoretical and practical aspects,syntactic and pragmatic components are inseparable,thus,There are certain differences in the pragmatic level between“zenme”and “sao”.In the non-questioning usage,“zenme”and “sao” are similar in the rhetoric and exclamation usage,but there are many differences in the other three usages.In any usage,theusage of“ sao” is much more restrictive than the usage of “zenme”;in the use of virtual fingering,the Chinese “bu zenme +V+X”sentence is equivalent to the Vietnamese “kh?ng bi(?)t +X+V?”Sentence,and the Chinese “bu zenme VP”Vietnamese is replaced by other sentences;in the use of fingering,the two are not exactly the same in the echo configuration,“sao” is generally in the latter sentence Used in conjunction with some of the pronouns “v(?)y”to refer to objects that have been restricted in the preceding paragraph.