Arrangement And Research On Qi Xi Of The Warring States Period

As a great power in the pre-Qin period,Qi State has been an oriental force that can not be ignored since Qi Huan took the lead.Despite the change of Tian Shivaqi,Qi continued its hegemonic position in the Warring States Period.The geographical location and superior natural environment of the coast provided the rich soil for the development of the Qi State,and also gave birth to a unique cultural atmosphere.This paper focuses on the Qi system seals from the north of Yimeng Mountain in Shandong Province,southeast of Hebei Province,east of Henan Province to the north of Jiangsu Province.It tries to explore the local politics,economy and culture of the Qi State in the Warring States Period by the method of the study of the seals in different regions.In the Warring States Period,there was a lack of literature.Although Guan Guan could see the official system and administration of the State of Qi from Guan Zi,it was not known how much remained of Guan Zhong’s reform in the Warring States Period in the era of the collapse of etiquette and music.As the first-hand historical data,Qi Seal of the Warring States Period has become the main way to study the official system and local administration of the State of Qi in the Warring States Period.From the official names,place names,surnames and proverbs of Qi Seals,we can get a lot of valuable information about the political system and customs of Qi State.This paper focuses on sorting out and studying the official seals of the State of Qi.By clarifying the duties and settings of Sima and Sima in the official system of Qi State,as well as the official system from central to local,we can find that the administrative system characterized by the separation of civil and military affairs in Qi State has become mature.At the same time,the seal of Qi Seal,which involves the system of Palace officials and Yuheng official system,also fills in the blank of the existing research and shows more historical aspects for later generations.Among them,Yu Heng Guan not only collects taxes from mountains,forests,ponds and rivers,but also takes charge of the development of mountain and river specialties.His management concept of "governing by the times" is still of great significance today.The State of Qi,founded by industry and commerce,was a famous industrial power in the Warring States Period.Among the existing Qi seals are a large number of industrial seals,which together with Kao Gong Ji provide many details about the industrial development of Qi State.Among the seals,it can be seen that the Qi State has a complete system of engineers,including left and right engineers in the central government,and workers in charge of special types of work,such as the lacquer officers under the left engineers.Qi also has many special professional officials,such as the basketball team in charge of dyeing grass and coloring,the chisel in charge of sewing,and the road construction.Qi also had a prosperous business.Starting from fishing salts,the commodity trade in Qi was very developed.Many big cities rose from this,and the market settings in the cities were also perfect.There are a large number of "city" seals and "city official" seals in Qi Seals,which are also evidence of the developed commodity economy of Qi State.Among the seals of Qi Dynasty,there are "Dashi" seals and "Dashi September" seals,which indicate that there are classified settings in Qi Dynasty’s market."City" also has a market,the market also needs special supervision,the improvement of the market system can be seen.There are a lot of place names in Qi Seals,many of which contain a lot of information about the local administrative system,so we can understand the local administrative system of Qi State.Guan Zhong recorded that after Guan Zhong’s reform,the Qi State adopted the political model of dividing the country into two parts:21 townships,divided into three administrative units:Lian,Li and Rail,and five subordinate administrative units,including four administrative units:Rail,Yi,Rate and Township.In Qi Seal,we can see the change of local administrative system from Spring and Autumn Period to Warring States Period by sorting out the grass-roots administrative units that Qi Seal saw,including capital,township,li,Yi and pavilion.The development of the capital changed Qi from a central city to a number of centers.At the same time,the status of the townships has declined,and they are mixed with the interior.Success,interior and pavilions are set up in the capital,and cities and suburbs are set up outside the capital.There are also many gates and Qiuguan in the seals of place names,which are related to the Levy of the city tax of Qi State.There are many private seals in Qi Seals.This paper mainly focuses on name seals and idiom seals.In the Warring States Period,most of the surnames in Qi area were single surnames,originated mainly from the state and officials.Most of the names seen in private seals have implications,such as happiness,health and longevity,and the name of disease,which may be considered for disease prevention.Seals are the seals worn by people during the Warring States Period,so they have the meaning of removing evil spirits and warning.People carve the content of blessings or motto seals as seals and wear them with them.These are Jiyu seals and proverbs.From the content of the seals,the mottos are mostly to admonish themselves to be cautious,to cherish time,not to be greedy and luxurious,and the auspicious words are mostly to pray for health and fertility.