Junior High School Students Observe The Status Quo Of Cyberbullying And Its Impact On Internalization And Externalization: The Parallel Mediating Role Of Empathy

Researching background: Cyberbullying has occurred more frequently in recent years.About 47.6% adolescents reported being cyberbullied.Beside the victim of cyberbullying,the recent studies found out that bystanders of cyberbullying were also victims of cyber-bullying.But more researches of cyberbullying bystanders are needed about the characteristic of cyberbullying bystanders and how witnessing cyberbullying impact the mental health of teenagers and the mechanism between witnessing cyberbullying and mental health.Researching objectives: 1.Explore the characteristic of junior high school students witnessing cyberbullying;2.Explore how witnessing cyberbullying impact adolescents' internalization and externalization problems and the mechanism.Methods: Selecting junior high school students as subjects in Qingdao three high schools with the method of convenient sampling,the application "cyberbullying witnessing scale","interpersonal reactivity index scale","internal and external problems of scale”.There are a total of 639 valid questionnaires.SPSS21.0 and AMOS21.0 software were used to entry and analyze data.Descriptive statistics,t test,single factor analysis of variance,Pearson product-moment correlation analysis,regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to analyze the data.Research results:1.38.9% junior middle school students witnessed cyberbullying in the past 6 months.36.7% of boys witnessed cyberbullying,and 42.1% of girls witnessed cyberbullying.Form grade 1 to grade 3,the students who had cyberbullying witnessing experience was 40%,42.7% and 22.6% respectively,showing a significant grade difference.The students in grade 1 witnessed significantly more cyberbullying than students in grade 3.2.The proportion of junior high school students who witnessed the invasion of privacy,verbal bullying,relationship bullying and sexual harassment was 33%,31%,20.7% and 15.6%,respectively.Junior high school students witnessed privacy violations most frequently(88.7%),followed by verbal bullying(83.2%),social bullying(55.5%)and sexual harassment(42%).The number of verbal bullying and sexual harassment observed by the first grade students of junior high school was significantly higher than the third grade of junior high school students,the number of privacy invasion observed by the first grade students of junior high school was significantly higher than the third grade of junior high school students,and the number of privacy invasion observed by the second grade students junior high school was significantly higher than the third grade student of junior high school.3.20% of female students have actively witnessed cyberbullying,and 26.5% of male students have actively witnessed cyberbullying.The number of students passively witnessing cyberbullying was significantly higher than that of students actively witnessing cyberbullying.The number of students who actively witnessing four-type cyberbullying was significantly higher than that of students passively witnessing cyberbullying.Students actively witnessing cyberbullying spent on the Internet at home and in the Internet bar was significantly longer than students passively witnessing cyberbullying.Grade,time on the Internet at home,time spent on the Internet in the Internet bar,initiative of junior high school students witnessing cyberbullying are correlated to some extent.4.There was a significant positive correlation between the internalization and externalization problems of junior high school students,the four dimensions of empathy,and witnessing cyberbullying.There was a significant correlation between the internalization problems of junior high school students and the three dimensions(opinion selection,imagination and personal pain)of empathy,while there was a significant correlation between the externalization problems of junior high school students and the two dimensions(imagination and personal pain)of empathy.There was a significant correlation between two dimensions(imagination,personal pain)of empathy and witnessing cyberbullying.There was no significant correlation between the other two dimensions(empathy concern and viewpoint selection)of empathy and the experience of witnessing cyberbullying.5.The four dimensions(viewpoint selection,imagination,empathic concern,and personal pain)of empathy play a parallel mediating role between witnessing cyberbullying and the internalization and externalization problems of junior high school students.Research conclusion:1.It is a phenomenon that can not be ignored that junior high school students witnessing cyberbullying.38.9% of junior high school students witnessed cyberbullying.22.3% junior high school students have actively witnessed cyberbullying.Influenced by the culture of eating melons actively,junior high school students have actively witnessed cyberbullying,which cannot be ignored.2.Grade,time on the Internet,initiative of junior high school students are correlated with the frequency of witnessing cyberbullying.3.Witnessing cyberbullying have negative impact on the externalization problems of junior high school students.Witnessing cyberbullying have negative impact on the internalization and externalization problems of junior high school students through personal pain.