On Hegel's View Of Revolution In "Phenomenology Of Spirit"

The Enlightenment and the French Revolution opened the curtain of the modern world,and the understanding of the French Revolution was related to the self-confirmation of the modern society.Hegel combined the history and the logic in a dialectical way to grasp the whole process of the French Revolution,with the angle of the world history and the spirit development.He affirmed that the French Revolution had demonstrated the power of the subject freedom,and realized that the limits of the freedom had led to the Terror.The interplay between the thought and the age stimulate mutual development.The course of Hegel's thought depended on the spirit of the Time,and in return,Hegel's understanding of the French Revolution also helped to understand the historical stage of the Time.Hegel believed that the development of the world history was also the unfolding of the absolute spirit,so the French Revolution was not only a political event,but also a spirit movement.After the collapse of the Greek city-state's harmonious reunification,the spirit entered the period of alienation and division—Christianity.On one hand,Christianity pushed the human's nature on the other shore and knelt before God,causing the division of the two worlds.On the other hand,Christianity was also the indoctrination that the spirit could go beyond the limited of the real world to recognize the freedom and the Absolute.Hegel had affirmed the endeacor of unifying such separatist efforts,and Hegel pointed out that the Enlightenment was still a limited freedom,which payed attention to limited things and ignored the true nature.So this way could not unite the division.Only when the spirit itself developed to the rational and speculative freedom,which could truly unify the division and overcome the alienation.This is also Hegel's ideological achievements in the "Phenomenology of Spirit".Therefore,Hegel systematically grasped this new spirit of the Time in philosophy,and constructed the new life form in his own way,which is also the reason why we focus on this article to comprehend the revolutionary viewpoint.Hegel's view that dialectical development of history and logic and the efforts of overcoming the alienation directly influenced Marx's understanding of the revolution,and inspired the readers such as Koyev and Fukuyama to continue to recognize the modern society,still enduring us till today.