| Introduction of potato germplasm from abroad is the fundamental way to enrich potato germplasm resources in China due to the shortage of potato germplasm resources and the narrow genetic background.In this study,the phenotypic traits of a total of 315 potato materials imported from the international potato center and collected from the domestic were analyzed for diversity,and 48 of them were labeled with molecular markers.The materials were analyzed from two aspects for clustering and genetic relationship,and the SSR~PCR technology system suitable for the imported potato germplasm resources was explored.The main results are as follows:1.According to the clustering analysis results of 21 morphological and biological characteristics of 315 potato germplasm resources,315 materials can be divided into 2 groups when the classification distance is 20.0 as the standard.With the classification distance of 10.0 as the standard,all varieties can be divided into 4 groups,among which group 1 and group 3 contain the most varieties(132 and 161 respectively),indicating that the genetic background of this batch of potato varieties is still relatively narrow.2.The correlation and principal component analysis of 315 materials showed that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between the yield of the plot and the seedling emergence rate,growth period,leaf color,plant shape,plant height,stem diameter and potato type.The growth period showed an extremely significant positive correlation with plant shape,plant height,stem diameter,flowering and luxuriance,while the correlation between other traits was small.The results showed that the yield of potato was closely related to the growth state of the plant aboveground.3.According to the diversity analysis,the diversity index and variation coefficient of this batch of tested materials in different phenotypic traits were different,among which the variation coefficient of investigated traits ranged from 8.65 to 115.46,and the variation coefficient of natural setting rate was the largest,which was 115.46.The genetic diversity index of different traits ranged from 2.08 to 5.70,among which the genetic diversity index of corolla size was the largest,indicating that the genetic diversity of corolla size of these germplasm resources was the most abundant.4.16 pairs of primers with clear amplification bands were screened out by 48 pairs of colored potato,which could distinguish 48 pairs of materials.Each pair of primers obtained 3~15 polymorphic bands,a total of 149 polymorphic loci were obtained,the polymorphism ratio was 86.74.According to the clustering diagram,when the genetic dissimilarity coefficient D is 0.50,the 48 samples tested can be divided into 6 categories.The variation amplitude of the genetic dissimilarity coefficient of the 48 tested materials is between 0.29 and 0.55,and there is no case that the genetic dissimilarity coefficient is 0,indicating that this batch of materials does not have the same name and has certain genetic diversity. |
