| Due to the characteristics of low power consumption,low cost,distribution and self-organization,wireless sensor network has a broad application prospect.However,the existing technology cannot fundamentally solve the problem of wireless power supply for remote and distributed nodes in wireless sensor networks.Inspired by Nicola Tesla's ideas on wireless power transfer technology,a new power supply method is proposed--single wire power transfer.Compared with wireless power transfer,SWPT can reach higher transmission efficiency,longer transmission distance and higher security synchronously.It can realize true wireless power transfer when the guide wire is replaced by other materials,such as human body,seawater,soil,etc.In this thesis,from the perspective of theoretical analysis,simulation and experimental verification,the single wire power transfer technology is studied as follows:Firstly,the power supply method of single wire power transfer for wireless sensor network and its implementation scheme are proposed according to the distribution form of sensor nodes in wireless sensor network.On the one hand,a recombination method of wireless sensor network sensor node topology by emanant subsystem and straight line subsystem is analyzed.On the other hand,the implementation mode of power supply to wireless sensor network by single wire power transfer system is analyzed in detail,and several reference schemes of single wire power transfer power supply method are given.The development history of single wire power transfer system is analyzed and classified.The electromagnetic field distribution and field-line coupling equations of single wire power transfer system are analyzed,and the impedance matching topology used in this thesis is determined after analyzing the working conditions of single wire power transfer system.Secondly,in order to study the energy transmission mode of the single wire power transfer system,the finite element simulation model of the single wire power transfer system was built.Based on the simulation model,the two-wire system is taken as an example to analyze whether the system has a circuit and the electromagnetic field judgment basis of the circuit.The electromagnetic field distribution of single wire power transfer systems with different structures are compared and analyzed,indicating that the single wire power transfer system studied in this thesis has no loop.A simulation study was conducted on the effect of the deflection of the receiver coil on the power and efficiency of the system,and a conclusion was drawn that the single wire power transfer system is directionless.Based on the simulation analysis of single wire power transfer system,the simulation model of multi-load single wire power transfer system for wireless sensor network power supply is built,and the transmission characteristics of multi-load single wire power transfer system in the form of straight line and emanant are analyzed.Finally,the experimental platform of single wire power transfer system is built.The distance characteristics,frequency characteristics and directionless characteristics of single wire power transfer system were experimentally studied and the simulation results were verified.For the load characteristics of wireless sensor network,the single wire power transfer experimental system with straight line and emanant multi-load are built.The influence of load number and transmitter position on power characteristics,frequency characteristics and on system energy transfer was verified by experiments.The applicability and practicability of single wire power transfer method for wireless sensor network power supply are proved. |
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