Research On Driver's Risk Perception Behavior Tendency Under Dynamic Driving Suitability

Driver is an important participant in road traffic.About 92.5%of road traffic accidents are closely related to the judgment and control ability of the driver.When facing the road traffic risk,the driver will adopt a series of behaviors that affect the traffic safety.Through these behaviors,the behavior intentions of the driver can be judged.Therefore,it is a great significance to study the behavior characteristics of the driver after he perceives the risk.In this study,the driving simulation experiment was carried out by using the driving simulation system platform(KMRTDS)and the PsyLAB physiological and psychological instruments.The technical method of"human + real vehicle simulation experiment”was carried out.Firstly,according to the driver’s dynamic driving suitability level,the drivers were divided into different risk perception behavior intention types;secondly,the behavior characteristics of different types of drivers in different risk levels was studied.The comprehensive behavior curve model of different types of drivers was constructed.The specific contents of the study are as follows:First of all,39 skilled drivers who met the objectives and requirements of the experiment were recruited to carry out driving simulation experiments in 5 virtual risk driving situations.The driving simulation experiments were carried out in 5 virtual risk driving situations.The data of driver’s manipulation behavior,vehicle running state and driver’s physiological and psychological data were collected and recorded during the whole simulation experiment,and the subjective questionnaire was completed based on TRA theory and risk perception process.Combined with the representativeness of risk perceived utility to dynamic driving suitability,the risk perception utility was calculated by using the quantitative method of risk perception utility.And the K-means clustering method was used.The subjects with different levels of dynamic driving suitability were divided into four categories:cautious behavior intention,intermediate behavior intention,aggressive behavior intention and compound behavior intention.Secondly,the characteristics of drivers’ driving behavior and physiological and psychological behaviors with different risk perception behaviors were studied.The driving behavior and physiological data of the subjects were extracted.The behavior characteristics of drivers with different behavioral intention were analyzed by means of data statistics and wavelet transform analysis.The results showed that the driving behavior of the drivers who belong to the intention of cautious behavior is stable,the ECG would fluctuate greatly earlier,and the time needed for ECG to recover slowly is shorter,and the change of electrocardiogram is more stable.The drivers who belong to aggressive behavior intention are in unstable state of driving behavior,ECG will appear big fluctuation later,its picoelectric fluctuation amplitude and frequency are larger;the driver who belongs to intermediate behavior intention,its driving behavior stability is in the intermediate level.the amplitude of ECG changes is small,and it shows continuous fluctuation,the amplitude of its skin electricity change is larger;the driver who belongs to the compound behavior intention,the characteristics of driving behavior intention to be cautious behavior in high risk degree and aggressive behavior in low risk degree.These drivers’ ECG and skin electrical activity fluctuate frequently at medium level compared to the other three types of drivers..Finally,9 driving behavior indicators and 4 physiological and psychological indicators were selected,and the standardized equation of driving behavior intention indicator F was obtained by using principal component analysis and regression of 7 principal components extracted from it.By calculating the comprehensive indicators scores of behavior propensity of each type of driver under five different risk levels,the characteristic curve model of the comprehensive index of behavior intention of different types of drivers were drawn.The results showed that there were significant differences in the characteristics of comprehensive indicators of behavior intention of drivers with different behavioral intentions,among which the curve of comprehensive indication of behavior propensity of cautious type and intermediate type of driver showed "N" shape.The curve of composite index of behavior intention of intermediate driver showed "√" shape,while that of attacking driver showed "U" shape.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for prediction of driver’s behavioral intention and analysis of the characteristics of driver’s behavior change.