The Construction, Performance And Application Of A New Type Of Surfactant-free Microemulsion System

The paper consists of four parts.The first part is the introduction.The second part is the phase behavior and solubilization property of a surfactant-free microemulsion containing 1-octen-3-ol,ethanol,and water.The third part is construction of SFMEs with different amphi-solvents and its template effect for the synthesis of BaMoO₄.The fourth part is the preparation of ZnO by using surfactant-free microemulsion system as template.Ⅰ IntroductionThe defination,structure and properties of surfactant-free microemulsion are briefly introduced.Various characterization methods of surfactant free microemulsion were reviewed.The research progress of surfactant-free microemulsions were reviewed.Ⅱ The phase behavior and solubilization property of a surfactant-free microemulsion containing 1-octen-3-ol,ethanol,and water1.The ternary phase diagram of 1-octen-3-ol/ethanol/water system at 25℃was drawn.It was found that there were a multiphase zone and a single phase zone in the ternary system.The area of the single phase zone accounted for more than 1/2 of the area of the ternary phase diagram.2.The phase change of the system was studied by conductance,UV-Vis and surface tension at 25℃.It was found that the microemulsion has three microemulsion regions,O/W,B.C.and W/O,and the results obtained by the three methods are consistent.3.Dynamic light scattering（DLS）technique is used to study the single-phase region.The results showed that microemulsion is formed in the single phase region,and there are three phases of O/W,B.C.and W/O,which are similar to the traditional microemulsion system.4.Three different microstructures,O/W,B.C.,W/O were observed by negative staining TEM measurement.The droplets of O/W and W/O are spherical structure,while B.C.is a network-like structure.5.The solubilization of K₃Fe（CN）₆ and biomolecule riboflavin in W/O SFME were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.The solubilization of curcumin in1-octen-3-ol/ethanol/water microemulsion is more than 10000 times that in water.6.Solubilization experiments showed that curcumin had good photostability and thermal stability in W/O SFME.Ⅲ Construction of SFMEs with different amphi-solvents and its template effect for the synthesis of BaMoO4Four kinds of short chain alcohols（ethanol,n-propanol,isopropanol,1,2 propylene glycol）were selected as amphi-solvent,and 4 kinds of propyl acetate/short chain alcohol/water surfactant microemulsion system were constructed.BaMoO₄ was synthesized using propyl acetate/1,2-propanediol/water system as template.1.Among the four phase diagrams constructed,the order of area of single phase region is:ethanol>isopropanolⁿ-propanol>1,2-propanediol.2.The phase regions of each phase diagram are divided by conductivity method.The conductivity values of each system were in the order of two solvents:ethanol>isopropanolⁿ-propanol>1,2-propanediol.3.The polarity of the four microemulsion systems was investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy.The microemulsion phase zones divided accordingly are consistent with those determined by conductivity method.4.The solubility of K₃Fe（CN）₆ in the W/O microemulsions is consistent with Lambrt-Beer law.5.BaMoO₄ materials were successfully synthesized using propyl acetate/1,2-propanediol/water system as template.Ⅳ Preparation of ZnO by using surfactant-free microemulsion system as template.Hexagonal cylinder-like ZnO were synthesized via hydrothermal microemulsion method using n-hexane/isopropanol/water SFMEs as template.The effects of reaction temperature,ammonia concentration and reaction time on the morphology and size of the products were investigated.1.With the increase of reaction temperature,the morphology of ZnO changes from flake,hexagonal cylinder-like structure to twin crystalline hexagonal cylinder-like structure.2.Ammonia concentration has a significant effect on the morphology of ZnO crystals.With the increase of ammonia concentration,the diameter and length of ZnO first remain unchanged,and then both increase.If the ammonia concentration is high,the morphology of ZnO becomes amorphous.3.With the increase of reaction time,ZnO changed from lamellar structure to hexagonal cylinder structure,and finally to hexagonal cylinder structure with twin crystal structure.The growth mechanism of twin crystal hexagonal cylinder-like ZnO was proposed.