Experimental Study On Beneficiation Of Titanium From Jinping Iron Tailings

There are a large number of tailings produced in the process of mineral exploitation and utilization,which not only occupy the land,causing environmental pollution,but also have huge hidden safety dangers,while at the same time,there are a lot of valuable elements in tailings.However,with the decrease of the mineral resources reserves,the re-exploitation and utilization of tailings have been paid more attention all over the word for the valuable components in it.A large amount of titanium-bearing tailings were produced in the process of ore treatment at a certain dressing plant in Jinping,Yunnan Province.Titanium is a metal with excellent properties,and its demand is increasing with the development of economy and science.In order to meet the demand of the market and improve the efficiency of the enterprise,an experimental study on titanium separation of the tailings was carried out in this paper.The main valuable element in the tailings is titanium,and the content of TiO₂ is5.39%.The particle size of tailings is coarse,the content of-0.074mm size counts for only 48.74%.Most of ilmenite have been liberated,only a few of them are conjunctive with gangue minerals.After one high gradient roughing process,the concentrate of 9.02%TiO₂ grade and 87.41%recovery was obtained in magnetic roughing process,while the tailings are of 47.77%yield and 1.42%TiO₂ grade.The outcome shows that the process has achieved a high efficiency of tailings discarding,thus creating conditions for costs reduction.After one table shaking separation of magnetic rough concentrate,TiO₂ of46.21%grade was obtained and the recovery of titanium comparative to the raw ore is36.14%.Under the grinding fineness of 71.22%-0.074mm,after two stage shaking table separation,concentrate of 46.82%TiO₂ grade and 5.62%recovery was obtained.Meanwhile,the middling of two stage shaking table separation was obtained,of which the grade is 22.75%and the recovery is 18.74%.Under the condition of grinding fineness of 79.12%-0.074mm,H₂SO₄ as pH regulator,sodium silicate as depressor,MOH as collector,after“one roughing-two scanning-three concentrating”closed flotation circuit of two stage shaking table middling,flotation index of TiO₂ grade 45.72%and 15.25%recovery was obtained.After compelete full flowchart of“high gradient roughing-shaking table selecting of magnetic concentrate-re-grinding and flotation process of two stage shaking table middling”,the titanium concentrate of 6.85%yield was obtained,and the grade and recovery of TiO₂ are 46.13%and 58.63%,which is satisfying.The mechanism research of collector MOH shows that the hydrolytic components of anionic collector MOH are chemically adsorbed on the surface of ilmenite by competitive adsorption with Ti⁴⁺,Ti?OH?³⁺,Ti?OH?₂²⁺,Ti?OH?₃⁺,Fe³⁺and other localized ions on the surface of ilimite in the flotation environment of weak acidic pH.The metal fatty acid salts formed on the surface of minerals is relatively stable.The carboxyl and hydrocarbon groups makes the floatability of imenite better and prevents the absorption of hydrolyzed components of sodium silicate on the surface of ilmenite.MOH can hardly make the dynamic potential of quartz move in a negative direction,and MOH does not adsorb on the surface of quartz,which indicates that MOH has a better selective collecting ability for ilmenite.Water glass,as a depressor,has strong hydrophilicity in the flotation environment of weak acid pH.When it adsorbed with SiOH and SiO^-exposed on the surface of quartz,it can not only decrease the wetting angle of quartz dramatically,but also make the surface Zeta potential of quartz move negatively,which makes the quartz become extremely hydrophilic.Water glass,compared with MOH,has little influence on the floatability of ilmenite because of its weak competitive adsorption ability on the surface of ilmenite,so it presents a better selective inhibition ability.