Research And Development Of The Wind Speed And Direction Measurement System At The Air-sea Interface Based On ESP32

As an important sea-air interface observation factor,wind speed and wind direction play an important role in marine meteorological observation,resource exploration and national marine environmental sustainable development strategy.In recent years,the application of ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measurement has become more and more extensive.However,domestic ultrasonic wind gauges need to be improved in terms of layout rationality,operational stability and measurement accuracy.To this end,based on ESP32,this paper developes a sea-air interface wind speed and direction measurement system with reasonable overall structure,high measurement accuracy,stable and reliable,strong open function,small size and strong environmental adaptability.The system adopts the time difference method to measure the wind principle,and has done the following work in the overall structure layout,hardware design,software design,experimental debugging,etc.Firstly,the overall structure layout is optimized,the transducer is installed by the ?-type embedded method,and the delay time of the transducer is calculated,which reduces the influence of the external environment on the measurement accuracy of the system.Secondly,in terms of hardware and software design,the system adopts powerful ESP32 as the main control chip.By transplanting the open source real-time operating system FreeRTOS,the system call of each hardware module is realized,which improves the time response and operation stability of the system;The digital first-order low-pass filtering algorithm is used to process the measurement data,which further improves the measurement accuracy of the wind speed and wind direction real-time value;The WiFi driver is designed to realize the wireless transmission function of WiFi.A simple upper computer interface is programmed with c#,which can perform data-image conversion on the real-time value of wind speed and wind direction,realizing long-distance real-time dynamic display.Through experiments such as laboratory debugging,wind tunnel calibration and outdoor comparison,it is verified that the wind speed and direction measurement system designed in this paper has the characteristics of good operation,stable performance,high measurement accuracy and strong environmental adaptability,which is consistent with the design under the marine environment.And measurement indicators have certain theoretical significance and application value.