Research On Biosensors Based On Nucleic Acid Aptamers And Metal Ions To Regulate Gene Expression

The first decade of the 21st century can be considered the "sensing decade".Sensor technology,as one of the most rapidly developing new technologies in the world,is also one of the three pillar industries in the information industry.Sensor technology and communication technology,along with computer technology,represent the latest trends in the development of modern science and technology.Among them,the biological functional materials of biosensors have both high specific surface area and catalytic function of nanomaterials,as well as the specific recognition ability of biomolecules.Therefore,biosensors constructed using biofunctionalized nanomaterials as identification or tracer probes can effectively improve biomolecular recognition capabilities,accelerate signal transduction,and achieve signal amplification.This provides new principles,new methods and new tools for basic research and highly sensitive biological sensing in clinical,environmental and industrial applications.This article describes in detail the bio-nanomaterials and technologies used in biosensors and their research background,development and application in bio-sensing.We mainly construct a DNA aptamer-based sensor and a genetic engineering-based cell sensor using the logic language(YES,AND,inhibition logic gate)in computer computing.The specific work of this paper is as follows:(1)To introduces the research background and significance of biosensors,and summarizes the current research status of biological logic gates,cell sensors and aptamer sensors.The application of biosensors in various fields was elaborated in detail,which proved its broad development prospects in scientific research and practical life.(2)we mainly introduce the functions and applications of several novel nanomaterials(DNA aptamers,G-quartet,and horseradish peroxidase)used in our research.This can better pave the way for understanding and modeling principles for some of the features we use in our next work.At the same time,letting people have a deeper understanding of these biological materials in the field of biological computing will be conducive to inspiring us to look at common biological materials from the perspective of interdisciplinary academic thinking and send out new research ideas.(3)we use genetic engineering methods to realize the regulation of gene expression.We construct sensory processes in the same cell and use YES logic gates for digital input and output.In addition,we try to use cell-cell interactions to build biosensors between different cells,in line with the digital input and output of AND and INHIBIT logic gates.On the one hand,it is possible to further study and understand the methods used by genetic engineering to implement calculations.On the other hand,the research of biosensors can provide support for the research and development of biological computers.Utilizing genetic engineering methods to construct logical structures can not only further prove the feasibility and development prospects of biological computers,but also can be used for the detection of some diseases,drug development and production,and environmental monitoring.(4)we use thrombin to specifically bind to the 15 nt aptamer of thrombin,resulting in the conformation of the aptamer from a single strand of DNA folded into a quadruplex structure.G-quadruplex forms horseradish peroxidase under the action of hemin,which has catalytic activity and can catalyze the color reaction of TMB coloring solution.Based on this,we constructed a YES gate biosensor for experimental one-to-one signal output to detect a single variable thrombin.Next,we constructed a two-input AND logic gate biosensor,which implements the model construction where two inputs jointly determine an output.We also designed an INHIBIT gate to achieve the correct input and output of true value.All the above models have been verified by experiments.The feasibility and correctness of the above models have been proved by the absorption spectra and colorimetry.(5)we summarize the work done in all the articles.Including advances and deficiencies,and looking forward to the future development trend of biosensors.We hope that all scientific research in this field will be well developed and applied to the benefit of mankind.