| As the material basis for the survival and development of human beings,land always goes hand in hand with human civilization,and it plays a vital role in the whole human evolution.However,the irrational use of land resources has led to a series of ecological environmental problems,which will eventually threaten the human beings.Therefore,the quantitative study of the effects of land use types change caused by human activities on the ecological environment is of great significance to the correct decision making of land use.Based on this,land use transfer matrix,superposition analysis and Lorenz curve were used to study the spatial and temporal changes of land use in Tang County for the 2009-2015 years.Discussed the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ecosystem services value in Tang County in the past 2009-2015 years based on the calculated of ecosystem services value.Optimized the structure of land use in Tang County in 2020 by multi-objective linear programming model.Analyzed and compared the degree of land use,economic and ecological benefits of the optimization results and the present situation.The main conclusions as follows:(1)In the 2009-2015 years,the land use dynamic degree of Tang County was 0.186%,and the overall pattern changed little.The decrease of water,woodland and garden area and the increase of construction land and other agricultural land were the main characteristics of land use change of Tang County in the 2009-2015 years.The degree of land use in Tang County has increased,which indicated that Tang County was in a period of development.The strong land use change area in Tang County concentrated in the southern and central plains.Mainly manifested in the expansion of construction land and the compression of ecological land.In the 2009-2015 years,the distribution of unused land in Tang County was relatively average,the distribution of woodland was relatively reasonable,there was a large gap in the distribution of construction land and cultivated land.The distribution of garden land,water area and other agricultural land were quite different in all townships.(2)In the 2009-2015 years,the ecosystem services value in Tang County reduced by12.3339 millions,and the reduction rate was 1.65%.In the 2009-2015 years,the order of ecosystem services value contribution of all types of land use unchanged,and the highest contribution rate was woodland.The individual ecosystem services value ranged fromlarge to small in order of hydrologic regulation,waste disposal,biodiversity maintenance,soil conservation,climate adjustment,gas regulation,aesthetics landscape,raw material production and food production.The ecosystem services value of per unit land area reduced in all townships.Among them,Luozhuang,Baoshui,Beiluo and Nandiantou drastically reduced.Renhou,Dayang,Changgucheng,Gaochang,Duting,Wangjing,Huangshikou quickly reduced,the rest of them slowly reduced.(3)In the 2009-2015 years,the index of the ecosystem services value sensitivity of all land use types in Tang County from large to small as follows: Woodland,cultivated land,water,unused land,garden land,other agricultural land.The CS of water decreased and the CS of the rest of land use types increased.The ESV of woodland and cultivated land had the greatest impact on the ecosystem services value of Tang County,and the gray association index was 0.9940 and 0.9265 respectively.The ESV of construction land had the least influence on the ecosystem services value of Tang County,and the gray association index was 0.7663.From the perspective of the balance of ecosystem services value,among the three changes,converted per hectare water into cultivated land needed the maximum compensation.(4)Finally,the final optimization scheme was obtained through the selection of optimization schemes of land use structure.Under this scheme,compared with the present situation,the land use degree of Tang County increased by 1.179,the economic benefit and the ecological benefit increased by 2472.2882 million yuan and 237.8025 million yuan respectively.Compared with the forecast in 2020,the land use degree and the economic benefit of Tang County reduced by 1.587 and 25.1314 million yuan respectively,the ecological benefit increased by 115.9241 million yuan,the comprehensive benefit increased 90.7927 million yuan.This study will help us to understand the changing regularity of land use and ecosystem services value in Tang County,and find problems in the process of regional land use,so as to provide scientific basis for land use and management in Tang County. |
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