A Research On The Operational Efficiency And Influencing Factors Of Commercial Banks In China

The commercial bank is the most important subject in the financing system of our country,and its healthy and stable development directly affects the smooth operation of the whole financial system and the national economy.Therefore,research on the evaluation of operational efficiency of commercial banks and the influencing factors of operating efficiency have long been the top priority of the financial academia and regulatory authorities.Under the background of The New Normal that Chinese economy has come into a high speed development period,with the rise of P2 P network finance and the competition among banks all make the operation of Chinese commercial banks suffer a great impact,and the profit margins continue to decrease.Since the“13th Five-Year”,the government proposes the plan that strengthen the supply side structural reform policy and puts forwards the financial industry system reform,and improves the efficiency of financial services in real economy.At the economic symposium,Premier Li Keqiang stressed the need to work together from both sides of the supply side and the demand side to promote structural reform.Under this background,this paper is based on the measurement and evaluation of the efficiency of commercial banks,and builds the index system from the supply side and demand side,explores the main influence factors of the efficiency of Chinese commercial banks,and at the same time puts forward some feasible suggestions striving to realize the two-way development of demand side and supply side of commercial banks in China so that achieve the goal that increase the production and operation efficiency of commercial bank.The research on the efficiency measurement and influencing factors of commercial banks has been very classic.This paper first reviews a lot of relevant frontier researches at home and abroad,and the possibility and innovation perspective of this paper is based on previous studies.Following the research idea that “frontier analysis-efficiency evaluation-multivariate linear regression equation analysis-determining influencing factors-put forward solutions”,first this paper expounds the theoretical basis of bank operation efficiency,and then summarizes and evaluates the total factor productivity of Chinese commercial banks based on an overview of the development of commercial banks in China.A sample of 34 representative commercial banks in China was selected and divided into four categories: large state-owned commercial banks,national joint-stock commercial banks,local city commercial banks,and rural commercial banks.Taking the relevant data from 2008 to 2015 as the research object,the DEA-Malmquist index method is used to calculate the total factor productivity of various commercial banks,and the total factor productivity is used as a representative to analyze the bank operating efficiency.The total factorproductivity was further broken down into technical efficiency and technological progress.It was found that during the sample period,joint-stock commercial banks had the highest efficiency,and rural commercial banks had the lowest efficiency.The efficiency of large-scale commercial banks and joint-stock companies was mainly due to technological progress,and the efficiency of commercial banks and rural commercial banks was the major factor.At the same time,Malmquist's standard deviation was introduced to observe fluctuations in the internal efficiency of various commercial banks,and the inter-period dynamic evolution of sample bank efficiency was analyzed.On the basis of this,based on the background of supply side reforms,innovative dynamic panel models are further established from the demand side and supply side dimensions.The factors that influence the operational efficiency of commercial banks are empirically analyzed.The results show that the impact of demand-side factors on efficiency is not significant,and there are certain differences in the impact of supply-side factors on efficiency,which is mainly reflected in asset allocation efficiency and human capital.At the same time,the results also show that there are phenomena in Chinese commercial banks competing with entities.Finally,according to the empirical results,based on two-dimensional perspectives,we propose targeted measures to improve the operational efficiency of Chinese commercial banks,and summarize the full text,offering policy reference for the operation and development of Chinese commercial banks and maintaining the stable operation of the national economy.