Research On Highly Efficient Consensus Mechanism Of Consortium Blockchain For Internet Of Things

Centralized Internet of Things is getting harder to manage.Blockchain has very good application prospects in the Internet of Things.Its decentralization and non-tampering can greatly reduce the management cost of the Internet of Things and improve the security of the Internet of Things.C urrently,many blockchain systems for the Internet of Things have been proposed,such as IOTA,EOS,Hyperledger Fabric,DEXON and so on.The consensus mechanism of the blockchain is the main factor affecting the performance of the blockchain.So it is particularly important to design a consensus mechanism that conforms to the characteristics of the Internet of Things.The existing consensus mechanisms,such as Tangle,DPOS + BFT,Raft,and Po P,are able to solve the problems of blockchain in Internet of Things scenarios to some extent.However,in large-scale energy-constrained Io T scenarios,these consensus mechanisms still have room for improvement in terms of resource consumption,scalability,and security.this article starts the following research:1.For wireless sensor netwo rks of Consortium Blockchain,this paper proposes a cluster-based sharding mechanism.First,the nodes in the blockchain system are divided into several clusters according to the particle swarm clustering optimization algorithm,which can reduce the commun ication energy consumption of the nodes in the cluster when participating in consensus.Second,several random clusters together form a shard,and one shard maintains a parallel sub-chain.Since the selection of clusters within a shard is random,the probability of an attacker attacking the consensus within the shard is reduced.Finally,each shard aggregates the blocks generated by all shards into a chain according to the total ordering algorithm.Simulation analysis shows that the use of this mechanism ca n improve the scalability of the system on the basis of ensuring security,and effectively reduce the consensus energy consumption of the blockchain system.2.The Consortium Blockchain in the Internet of Things have advantages over the public chain in resisting sybil attacks and DDOS attacks.The Consortium Blockchain fault-tolerant algorithm PBFT has insufficient scalability and is not suitable for large-scale Io T applications.The Algorand mechanism has been improved on the traditional PBFT algorithm,but there is still room for improvement in consensus efficiency.Therefore,this paper proposes a hybrid consensus mechanism H-Algorand for Consortium Blockchain.First introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the Algorand mechanism applied to the Internet of Things scenario,secondly proposes a multi-block Algorand mechanism MB-Algorand mechanism,and finally proposes a hybrid consensus mechanism that considers security,scalability and energy consumption H-Algorand mechanism.Simulation analysis shows that the H-Algorand mechanism can significantly improve the scalability of the system at the expense of a small amount of security when the block proposal time is greater than the block consensus time and the block proposal time is less than the block consensus time.