Research On Target Tracking System Based On Four-quadrant Photoelectric Detection

The moving target detection and tracking based on photoelectric detection has been widely used in a variety of reconnaissance,surveillance and guided defense systems,especially for the detection of low-altitude flying small targets,which has become an important supplement to the air defense system.In order to avoid collateral damage caused by defense,conventional missile strikes are no longer applicable in these specific environments.An enterprise on demand has been developed for low altitude above small UAV target detection and tracking and a product called "Houyi",the product's current detection,photoelectric tracking system is mainly co-operating with radar guidance system of image detection,recognition and tracking system,detection and tracking accuracy is higher,but needs to improve overall system response speed.In this paper,based on the research and development of this product,the four-quadrant detector is adopted as the core detector and combined with the development of software and hardware,the detection performance of this product is improved again to make its detection and tracking response speed to the point target faster.This system can effectively improve the response speed of "Houyi" in detection and tracking,and realize the function of accurate and rapid detection and active tracking of this product.The main research contents are as follows:Through the study of the performance parameters of the photoelectric detector and the analysis of the total performance of "Houyi" system,the four-quadrant detector was selected as the core component of the system detection module,the working principle,performance parameters and shape structure of the detector were introduced in detail,and the overall modular functional block diagram of the system was designed.Through the study on the performance and power consumption of the control chip,FPGA was selected as the main control chip of the detection module,and its characteristics and models were introduced.Four quadrant detectors to detect the light signal is converted to electrical signals by photovoltaic effect,converts the signal to voltage signal after amplification,filtering noise again,and finally after ADC input to the main control chip FPGA data calculation,the solution to calculate the locked target spot location information,and will show this information to the computer software.The linear range and working sensitivity of four common detection algorithms are analyzed and compared.The horizontal and vertical axis of the detector and the overall detection system installation Angle is set to zero and fixed,and the center approximation method which best meets the requirements of the application background is selected to solve the spot position.According to the selected detection algorithm and device hardware requirements,RS232 data communication mode is selected.The experimental device of two-axis steering engine turntable was set up,and the display software of upper computer was compiled,so as to visually and clearly display the trajectory of the light spot movement of the flight target and the real-time tracking of the system.Two-dimensional steering gear turntable is mainly controlled by single-chip microcomputer which generates PWM signal.The detection module and tracking module were simulated and combined.The fourquadrant detector detected the moving light spot,and the voltage signal converted from the collected light signal was solved,and the relative error analysis was carried out for the calculated value and the actual value of the light spot position.The analysis shows that the system is reliable in operation,can accurately detect and track targets,and the debugging is simple and simple.It has achieved the expected effect and is expected to be applied to "Houyi" system products.