Avalanche Photodiode Single-photon Detector With High Time Stability

Avalanche photodiode(APD)single-photon detector is a kind of photoelectric detector with ultra-high sensitivity,which has very important applications in longdistance laser ranging,laser imaging and quantum communication.However,the avalanche voltage of the avalanche photodiode is highly sensitive to the temperature.So it has gain fluctuation when it is working in the field,which leads to the delay drift,and deteriorate the time stability of the detector.The application of the APD singlephoton detector is limited in high-precision measurement.In order to solve the delay drift of APD single-photon detector with the temperature,this thesis developed a study of the APD single-photon detector with high time stability: developing the avalanche photodiode detection circuit with low time jitter to improve the time accuracy of the single-photon detector;cooling the avalanche photodiode to keep it at a constant working temperature,and compensating the delay drift in real time by fine-tuning the bias voltage,stabilizing the output delay of the detector,thereby achieving a high time stable APD single-photon detector.As a result,the time jitter of the single-photon detector reached 56 ps @ FWHM,the working temperature of the avalanche photodiode was stable at 15?,when the ambient temperature changed from 16? to 36?,the output delay drift of the singlephoton detector was less than ±1ps,and the time stability reached 0.15 ps @ 100 s.In addition,the stable working temperature range of the single-photon detector was expanded by the method of segmented temperature control,and the high-stability single-photon detection in the temperature range of-30? ~ 40? was realized.This work is expected to provide an effective solution for high-precision,high-stability single-photon detection applications in the field and space extreme conditions.