Development And Testing Of Transient Electric Field Time Domain Test Sensor

The transient electric field time domain test system is an important means to quantitatively evaluate the viability of various electronic devices in complex electromagnetic environments.Because the rising edge of the transient electric field is steep,the amplitude is strong,and the spectrum is rich,it is of great significance to develop a transient electric field time domain test sensor with wide working frequency band and strong anti-interference.In this paper,a transient electric field time domain test sensor with a asymptotic conical receiving device,a photoelectric conversion receiving circuit and an active integrator in a working frequency range of 100 kHz to 1 GHz is developed.First of all,the design requirements of each component of the sensor are given according to the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the electromagnetic pulse time domain waveform of high altitude nuclear explosion.Then the equivalent charge method is used to obtain the contour equation of the asymptotic conical receiving device and the calculation method of the main parameters.The frequency domain analysis method is used to simulate the influence of the main parameters and structure of the receiving device on its frequency domain performance.The structure of the receiving device is determined and its frequency domain response characteristics and time domain maximum response are tested.What's more,determine the scheme of receiving circuit including a light emitting circuit,a light receiving circuit,an attenuating circuit,an amplifying circuit,and a power supply circuit according to the time domain maximum response of receiving device.And verify the frequency domain response characteristics of the receiving circuit through experiments.Moreover,the feasibility of passive integrator and active integrator is analyzed by theoretical analysis and circuit simulation,and make sure to use an active integrator.The main factors affecting the frequency domain response of the active integrator are given,and the frequency domain response characteristics are tested.Finally,the circuit and the shell are assembled,and a test system for the frequency domain response and time domain response of the sensor is built to verify whether the sensor meets the design requirements and test the sensitivity and nonlinearity of this sensor.The test shows that the transient electric field time domain test sensor developed in this paper has a flatness response amplitude flatness of less than 3dB in the working frequency range of 100kHz-1GHz.This sensor can restore the time domain waveform of the measured electric field and realize optical fiber transmission stably.