Mapping From Requirements To Software Architecture

Requirement analysis and architectural design are two critical stages in the software lifecycle,which have a profound and lasting impact on the quality of final software products.For the reason that the requirements and architecture are in heterogeneous knowledge space,they have different forms of knowledge representation,which making the mapping between the two heterogeneous knowledge extremely difficult.However,in the current practice of software engineering,the mapping from requirements to software architectures is still heavily dependent on the experience and skills of the developers,which makes it difficult to guarantee the consistency and traceability of result.Therefore,it is very meaningful to study a formal method of mapping from requirement to architecture.From the formal description of requirements and architecture,the thesis uses Petri Net as a formal description tool,the result of requirement analysis is expressed as the structure of Petri Net,then it is mapped to the elements of the Petri Net.The unified description method makes this mapping process very natural.By overall considering the output of requirements analysis and the input of architectural design,the thesis establishes a set of reasonable mapping rules according to the system construction process,and proposed corresponding system construction process according to the structure of the Petri Net.The proposed rule set constrains the mapping process from requirements to architecture from two perspectives: consistency and traceability of model elements.Finally,a typical example of elevator control system is used to verify the proposed method.The results show that the proposed method can effectively complete the construction of the system under the constraints of the mapping rules,and the final architecture satisfies the consistency and traceability of the model elements.