Research And Implementation Of Root Domain Name System Based On Consortium Blockchain

Existing DNS is highly dependent on the root servers.However,there are problems such as fewer servers,uneven distribution and centralized management.The Consortium Blockchain(CB)has the characteristics of Blockchain,such as decentralization,tamer-proofing and traceability.In addition,the CB is composed of specific institutions,access mechanism is adopted to limit the entry of nodes,and the data is public inside,but only queried through specified API outside.All of these characteristics point the way to a new co-management Root DNS.Based on deep study and analysis of the existing DNS and the technolody of CB,this paper designs and implements a Root DNS based on CB.The specific work is as follows:(1)Build the CB of Root DNS:Build architechure with TLD administrators as nodes.And design management certification list to specify nodes' operation authority,design transaction structure and block structure as data foundation,design a unified message format to implement communication based on P2P protocol,and introduce PBFT(Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerant)as the consensus mechanism.Finally,implement register,update,cancel and query of domain name.(2)Optimizing leader election:Introduce VRF(Verifiable Random Functions)aiming at the vulnerability of PBFT electoral process.Each node generates a vote with random number to participate election,which impoves the randomness.And the ballot can be verified by other nodes,which ensures the validity.(3)Optimizing query mechanism:Design Domain Name State(DN-State)to store the latest Resource Record values.When resolution,the resolver only needs to query the DN-State,which improves the efficiency.And the hash of DN-State is stored in the latest block,used to verify the DN-State,which ensure the security and reliadbility.(4)Be compatible with existing DNS.Design a Packet Conversion modul to implement conversion between DNS package and Blockchain message.Configure recursive server and meke it ponit to Root DNS nodes to implement the communication.The test result shows that the Root DNS based on CB has functions of registrating updating and cancelling domain name and normalize resolution,the efficiency of resolution is close to exsisting DNS,and the system also has the ability to deal with security issues such as malicious transactions,less than 1/3 nodes failling,and leader failling.The system's function,performance,and security meet design expectations.