Research On Direction Of Arrival And Range Parameters Estimation Method Based On Gain And Phase Error Array

Array signal processing is an extremely important branch in the field of modern signal processing,and source parameter estimation has always been regarded as an important research content in the field of array signal processing.In the past few decades,the research on source parameter estimation has received extensive attention in the academic community,and its related technology applications include radar,sonar,earthquake,wireless communication and many other fields.The main purpose of the source parameter estimation is to estimate the direction-of-arrival(DOA)and range of the source radiation signal.According to the relationship between the aperture of the receiving array and the source range parameter,the sources involved in source parameter estimation can be classified into three types: far-field sources,near-field sources,and mixed-field sources.At present,the academic community has proposed a large number of source parameter estimation algorithms(such as MUSIC method and ESPRIT method)to estimate the DOA and range of the source.These methods generally assume that the receiving array is fully calibrated array,that is,the receiving sensors(or antennas)have no errors such as gain and phase.However,when the number of sensors in the receiving array is large,calibrating all the receiving sensors will inevitably incur large software and hardware overhead.It is obviously unrealistic to require all sensors to be calibrated.Therefore,the receiving array in practical application may be an incomplete calibrated array(partly calibrated array or gain and phase error array).That is to say,some uncalibrated sensors have gain or phase errors.Note that the traditional methods of source parameter estimation are based on the premise of perfectly calibrated array.The gain or phase errors of uncalibrated sensors can affect the estimation performance of the DOA and range parameters of traditional methods.In response to this problem,domestic and foreign scholars have proposed many effective methods to overcome the influence of gain and phase errors on the estimation performance of the algorithms in recent years.Unfortunately,a large number of parameter estimation methods based on partly calibrated array assume that the sources are far-field,while there are few parameterestimation methods for the near-field sources or mixed-field sources.The reason is that the DOA estimation of the far-field sources is a linear problem,while DOA and range parameters estimation of the near-field sources or mixed-field sources is a nonlinear problem,and the latter is more difficult than the former,especially in the case of partly calibrated array.In order to solve the parameter estimation problem of the near-field sources or the mixed-field sources of the partly calibrated array,this paper studies the DOA and range parameters estimation of near-field sources and mixed-field sources for the case of some uncalibrated sensors with gain and phase errors(i.e.,the receiving array is a gain and phase error array).The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)The mathematical model of far-field DOA estimation based on gain and phase error array is introduced.The Spectral-RARE algorithm and ESPRIT-like algorithm in traditional methods are briefly described and simulated.In terms of the parameter estimation performance of the two algorithms,the relationship between the estimation performance and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of the two algorithms and the influence of the number of calibrated sensors in the array on the parameter estimation performance of the two algorithms are explored.(2)A method for estimating the DOA and range parameters of near-field sources based on gain and phase error array is proposed.Firstly,a special fourth-order cumulant matrix is constructed by using the symmetrical structure of the gain and phase error array to realize the DOA estimation of the near-field sources.Based on the estimated DOAs of the near-field sources,the proposed method can define the one-dimensional(1-D)range spectrum function to obtain the range parameters of the near-field sources.The proposed method can effectively estimate the DOA and range parameters of the near-field sources under the gain and phase error array without the operation of parameter pairing.Simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.(3)A method for estimating the DOA and range parameters of mixed-field sources based on array diagnosis under gain and phase error array is proposed.The proposed method first constructs spatial sliding window using calibrated subarray,and then constructs multiple subcovariance matrices.Spatial sliding window and subcovariance matrix are used to diagnose whether sensors have gain and phase errors or faults,thus avoiding the negative influence of defective sensors on the parameter estimation performance in the DOA and range parameters estimation of mixed-field sources.Theproposed method can achieve high performance parameter estimation under gain and phase error array.The simulation results verify the robustness of the proposed method and the effectiveness of parameter estimation.