Research On Multiband Common-aperture Antennas And Arrays

In modern wireless communication systems,antenna is one of the necessary front-end devices,and its performance is crucial to the communication quality of the whole system.With the development of modern wireless communication technology,especially for the space restriction requirements of Shipborne and airborne,the required antenna performance is becoming more and more stringent.Therefore,the characteristics of antenna,such as light weight,multi-band,multi-polarization and small space occupied,have become an important trend of antenna development.Multi-band common-aperture antenna is a kind of antenna that allows multiple antennas of different bands to work in the same aperture plane at the same time.In multi-band common-aperture antenna system,multiple bands coexist in the same antenna aperture,which greatly reduces the antenna volume and radar cross section(RCS)while improving the communication capacity.Therefore,multi-band common aperture antenna has a wide application prospect in shipborne/airborne/spaceborne multi-band radar.The main contents of this paper are multi-band common-aperture microstrip antenna array,P/S dual-band common-aperture antenna and array,UWB dual-band common-aperture antenna and array.Firstly,this paper introduces the research background,the significance of topic selection and the research status at home and abroad.According to the basic structure and space form of the antenna,the known multi-band common-aperture antennas at home and abroad are sorted out and classified,and three basic ideas of designing multi-band common-aperture antenna are summarized.The design principle and implementation scheme of multi-band common-aperture antenna are briefly described,and the key technical issues involved in the design of common-aperture antenna are also introduced.Secondly,a P/S dual-band common aperture microstrip antenna array is studied.The designed common-aperture array can work in P-band and S-band,in which the P-band polarization mode is horizontal polarization and the S-band polarization mode is vertical polarization.The dual-band common-aperture array can scan the azimuth plane(±60 degrees)and the elevation plane(±20 degrees),and achieve 35% impedance bandwidth in P-band and 26% impedance bandwidth in S-band respectively,which meet the VSWR < 2.5 in the working band.Finally,a new UWB dual-band common aperture antenna array is studied.The antenna array consists of four T-shaped bipolar antennas,a 6*6 waveguide slot array antenna and a circular metal substrate.The bipolar antenna operates from 2.33 GHz to 12 GHz.It is arranged in T-shape of all-metal Vivaldi antenna and is located above the metal plate.The waveguide slot antenna array operates in X-band 9.8-10.3GHz and is located below the metal plate.Dual-polarized antenna array and waveguide slot antenna array are located on the same front,separated by circular metal plate,which can improve the space utilization and effectively reduce the mutual coupling between antennas,thus solving the problem of poor isolation effect of common-aperture antenna.