| In recent years,the global information and communication industry has shown a trend of development of mobility,broadband and intelligence.The fifth-generation mobile communication system(5G/IMT-2020)will not only be based on mobile communication itself,but will also penetrate into various fields of the future society to build a user-centric and all-encompassing information ecosystem.As the air interface of the millimeter wave wireless communication system,the antenna plays an important role and can directly determine the service quality of the whole system.At the same time,integrated substrate gap waveguide(ISGW)is a quasi-TEM mode transmission line that has been proposed in recent years to fabricate a new closed structure using printed circuit boards(PCB).It encapsulates the microstrip line in the structure of the electromagnetic bandgap(EBG),so that the packaged microstrip line can transmit quasi-TEM mode electromagnetic waves unaffected,while the EBG structure is composed of perfect electrical conductor(PEC)and perfect magnetic conductor(PMC)composition.Compared with traditional waveguides,the new ISGW has a series of advantages such as light weight,high integration,and good electromagnetic shielding,therefore,it has a large application space in designing millimeter wave antennas and circuits in the future.Patch antennas are widely used in various mobile communication devices due to their advantages of easy conformal,easy integration and low profile.In this paper,integrated substrate gap waveguide(ISGW)via probe feed(VPF)patch is used for antenna research,and a circularly polarized patch antenna,a linearly polarized patch antenna and an array antenna based on an integrated substrate gap waveguide(ISGW)via probe feed(VPF)are respectively implemented.The main research works are as follows:1.Analyze the design process and working principle of ISGW.Based on the design principles of microstrip line,substrate integrated waveguide(SIW)and gap waveguide(GW),the working principle of ridge ISGW and microstrip ISGW is analyzed.Then,the design of ISGW transmission line is summarized through the analysis of ISGW transmission line,and then through a simulation design of the ISGW transmission line,verifies the good performance of the designed ISGW transmission line.Finally,the structure and design process of the ISGW via probe feed(VPF)is proposed2.A single via probe feed(SVPF)circularly polarized patch antenna is proposed using an integrated substrate gap waveguide(ISGW).The antenna etches a circular slit on the PEC layer on the surface of the top dielectric plate of the ISGW,then places a rectangular chamfer patch in the middle of the circular slit,connects the microstrip line and the patch through the metal via to form via probe feed(VPF),excitation the rectangular chamfer patch and produce circularly polarized radiation.At the same time,the mushroom periodic structure under the radiation patch is also changed to stabilize the input impedance of the antenna to achieve a better matching effect.Finally,the antenna has an impedance bandwidth from 22.3 to 27.3 GHz(20%).The simulation gain is about 8 dBi at 25 GHz,and the antenna has an axial ratio bandwidth of 26.4 to 28.3 GHz(7%).From the simulation results of the pattern,the antenna is a left-handed circularly polarized antenna.Further,on the basis of the aforementioned single via probe feed(SVPF)circularly polarized patch antenna,a branch is connected on the microstrip line and a metal via is added to the branch to connect with the patch to form a double via probe feed(DVPF)circularly polarized patch antenna.The antenna has an impedance bandwidth from 24.2 to 27.7 GHz(13.4%),the antenna has an axial ratio bandwidth from 24.7 to 28.6 GHz(14.7%),and the simulation gain is about 7 dBi at 26 GHz.Compared with the previous single via probe feed(SVPF)circularly polarized patch antenna,the antenna becomes a right-handed circularly polarized antenna by changing the chamfer position,and the axial ratio bandwidth is also greatly improved,from 7%to 14.7%,the effective bandwidth of the antenna is also changed from the previous 0.9GHz to 3GHz,and the antenna performance is further improved.4.A single via probe feed(SVPF)linearly polarized patch antenna is proposed using an integrated substrate gap waveguide(ISGW).The antenna changes the rectangular chamfer patch of the single via probe feed(SVPF)circularly polarized antenna to a circular patch to generate linearly polarized radiation,effectively improving the gain problem.The antenna has an impedance bandwidth from 21.5 to 26.3 GHz(20%).At the same time,its gain is relatively stable,it is above 7dBi in the working frequency band,and the peak gain can reach 9.4dBi.Finally,it is machined and tested,and the test and simulation results are consistent.Further,the array antenna is constructed using the single via probe feed(SVPF)linearly polarized patch antenna.Firstly,an ISGW-based via probe output power divider is designed.The power divider is designed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric board,each of the radiating patches is fed with a via probe feed(VPF)at the output port of the power divider to respectively form a 1 ×2 and 1×4 array antenna.The simulation results show that the 1×2 array antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 20.9-26.7 GHz(24.1%),at the same time,the gain is above 8dBi in the working frequency band,and the peak gain can reach 12.1 dBi.The 1×4 array antenna has an impedance bandwidth from 21.5 to 26.6 GHz(21.25%),and the gain is above 12 dBi in the working band,and the peak gain can reach 14.7 dBi. |
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