Research On The Super-resolution Imaging Technology Based On Single Photon Detection

The research on the super-solution imaging technology based on MCP(micro-channel Plate)single photon detection is mainly used in optical micro-imaging technology,laser radar and PLIF.Especially for long-range laser radar,the echo is a weak signal,and signal strength is even a single photon,so how to obtain the high resolution image is very important.Firstly,MCP single-photon detection system was discussed,and the micro-light image intensifier and image storage unit were its core components.Then,main noise of micro-light image intensifier was discussed,including photon scattering noise and electron scattering noise.According to its principle,the whole process of noise was calculated strictly.Finally,the noise characteristics of the whole MCP single-photon detection system were analyzed.Secondly,the super-resolution imaging mechanism based on MCP single photon detection was studied in depth.MATLAB simulation was carried out according to the point light model,PSF(Point Spread Function)and diffusion spots model,and the pictures of single photon are simulated.Then,I designed centroid algorithm,which computed the centroid of the pictures in order to remove diffuse spots and delimited area of sub-pixel.The centroid positions were marked and counted on the sub-pixel image,and the super-resolution image of 0.5px and 0.1px resolution were reconstructed according to a large number of counts.Besides,the relation between the deviation of the centroid position and its signal-to-noise ratio was summarized.Finally,the experimental platform was built,and the experimental method of realizing single photon was designed by calculation and measurement.In addition,a large number of single-photon images were collected under a continuous light source,and The super-resolution image was reconstructed by using the algorithm of centroid and sub-pixel segmentation.By comparing the direct exposure of the detector and the processing by the algorithm,the stripe resolution was 1.42lp/mm and 1.82lp/mm respectively.The comparison showed that the resolution of the algorithm was improved.When tens of millions of single-photon images were collected,the maximum stripe contrast after processing by the algorithm could reach 0.58,and the resolution of single-photon detector based on MCP could reach 33.17lp/mm.