Energy Efficient Cooperative Routing Algorithm Based On VMIMO

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)is deployed in a certain area of a large number of sensor nodes,which is composed of a self-organizing network system connected through some wireless communication protocols.The sensor nodes are powered by batteries,making it difficult deployed in the second time.Therefore,studying on the energy efficiency is an important direction in WSN research.In WSN the node's energy is mainly used for receiving and transmitting data,and the path loss of wireless transmission will greatly increase the transmission energy consumption,so how to reduce the transmission energy consumption is significant to the whole network energy consumption.Many studies have shown that,multiple input multiple output(MIMO)system can significantly reduce the transmission energy consumption in certain circumstances.MIMO technology has been considered one of the necessary technology for next generation wireless communication systems,so it has important research value.In order to overcome terminal size limits in the application of MIMO system in the real world,cooperative communication technology has been proposed,the virtual MIMO(VMIMO)is a typical application of cooperative communication technology.In VMIMO all nodes are equipped with a single antenna and shared antenna with other nodes by a virtual antenna array(VAA),then transmit and receive data through the virtual antenna array unit.This technology can obtain a diversity gain close to MIMO system.In this paper,we research on the WSN's energy efficiency combined with VMIMO technology from the following aspect:Firstly,the cooperative communication energy efficiency was discussed,we establish cooperative communication energy model.Through experiments we concluded that energy consumption of MIMO system is much less than the traditional point to point system in long-distance transmission,which on the same transmission rate and bit error rate;Secondly,we proposed an energy efficient cooperative routing algorithm.In relay selection,the new algorithm determines the number of relays by the physical distance of the adjacent cluster head.Experimental results showed that in keeping the error rate under a certain conditions the new algorithm can save energy consumption by 6.41%;Thirdly,we proposed an improved LEACH algorithm,which based on MIMO.The new algorithm would select transmission by traditional point out point way or MIMO according to a threshold which is computed by the distance between clusters heads and Sink nodes.Experiments show that the new algorithm can prolong the lifetime of network by 51.87%.