The Influence Of Health On Labor Participation Of Middle-aged And Elderly People In China

The abundant labor resources have made an indelible contribution to the rapid development of China's economy,but with the economy has enter to the new normal transition period,China's population structure has undergone a major change.The rapid growth of the size of the elderly population and the continuous decline in the growth rate of the working-age population have led to a serious shortage of labor in the labor market.The problem of labor shortage not only affects the development of many industries directly in the short term,but also may have a negative impact on the sustained growth of national economy in the long term.As an important non-economic factor affecting labor participation,health has been rapidly promoted to the national strategic position.The report of the 19 th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC)made a new statement on the issue of national health,saying that a healthy working population is an important guarantee for social productivity and an important boost to China's economic development.But for a long time,people focus on the development of the labor force on the youth group,ignoring the huge potential of the labor participation of the middle-aged and elderly population,and failing to give full play to the positive role of the middle-aged and elderly population in the economic and social development.Therefore,this paper links the two major factors of health and labor,and conducts research on the middle-aged and elderly population,in an attempt to clarify the heterogeneous influence of health on the labor participation of the middle-aged and elderly population in China under the self-rated health and objective health indicators.This paper first explains the research background and significance of health on labor participation of middle-aged and old people in China,clarifies the concrete category of labor participation and the choice of health dimension in this study,and then discusses the human capital theory,health capital theory and labor market theory in the theoretical basis of this paper.Thirdly,the innovation points of this paper are put forward on the basis of sorting out and summarizing related researches at home and abroad.In this part,CHARLS2015 data were selected to construct multidimensional health indicators.Logit and tobit model methods were used to empirically study the differential effects of health indicators of different dimensions on the "labor participation" and "labor supply time" of middle-aged and elderly groups with different household registration,age group and gender.Finally,on the basis of drawing relevant conclusions through comparison and summary,relevant policy suggestions are put forward to improve the human capital of the middle-aged and elderly groups and improve their labor participation rate,so as to lay a foundation for actively dealing with the aging problem and promote the realization of the goal of common prosperity of the people.Empirical research shows that,first,all kinds of health indicators significantly affect the overall and urban and rural middle-aged elderly labor participation and labor supply time,poor health status will significantly reduce the probability of labor participation behavior of workers.Second,for the urban "middle-aged group" who had not reached the retirement age,self-rated health and other health had a significant effect on their labor participation,and the effect on women was greater than that on men.In the "old age group" who reached the retirement age,various health indexes had no significant effect on the labor participation of the sample.Thirdly,the regression study of rural samples by age group found inconsistent conclusions.The effect of health on the population of the rural "elderly group" was greater than that of the population of the "middle-aged group".Fourth,through combing and comparing the regression results of sub-samples,it is found that the effect of health on the working time of middle-aged and old people in urban areas is stronger than that of rural groups,and among various effects,the effect of health on women is larger than that of men on the whole.In order to improve the elderly population,labor force participation to improve residents' income,this paper proposes to strengthen disease prevention and improve laborer quality,improve the system of medical keep fusion,paying attention to basic education and vocational skills training,improve the inequalities in the labor market,deepen the reform of the household registration system and improve the law to strengthen policy suggestions for the protection of labor market participants.