A Research On Characteristics Of Three-point Jump Shot Of Male Basketball Players In Different Levels

Basketball originated in Massachusetts and was invented by James Naismith,a Christian in Springfield,in 1891.In 1895,it was introduced into Tianjin YMCA of China.In 1896,Tianjin YMCA held a basketball game performance.As a result,modern basketball officially kicked off in China and gradually spread and promoted to the whole country.Basketball has been invented for more than 100 years.In these more than 100 years,basketball has experienced the period of invention,promotion,popularization,innovation and so on.With the development of basketball from the initial entertainment activities to the formal competition of implementing the fixed rules,its unique competition form and method are deeply loved by the majority of people,and gradually develop and expand in China.Modern basketball is developing in the direction of high,fast,comprehensive and accurate.The technical level,tactical awareness and physical quality of the players have been greatly improved.With the increasing antagonism of basketball games,only relying on the excellent physical and psychological quality of players is not enough to win all the games.And the key to achieve excellent results lies in the use of techniques and tactics in the game.The three-point ball is one of the most important tactics in the basketball game.It can quickly and effectively open up the scores of both sides in the game and catch up quickly when the score is deficit.In the three-point ball tactics,the final link is the three-point shooting.The technical action of three-point shooting directly affects the shooting rate.So as to affect the implementation of the three-point ball tactics.Therefore,the three-point shooting technique is the key to the success of the whole tactical implementation.In this paper,nine professional men ' s basketball players are selected for testing and analysis,including three national athletes,three national first-class athletes and three national second-class athletes.This article uses a three-dimensional action analysis system to select 9 professional men's basketball players for test analysis,including 3 athletes,3 first-level athletes,and 3 second-level athletes.They prepare for the ball,kick off the ground,and make shots.Analysis of the kinematics data such as the length of movement,the change in the angle of each joint,and the change in speedin the four stages of the stage and the landing buffer stage,and study the characteristics and differences of three-point shooting techniques of male basketball players at different levels in order to analyze the impact of three-point The key factor in shooting percentage.This paper analyzes the kinematic data of the four stages of holding the ball,kicking off,jumping shot and landing buffer,such as the exercise duration,variation of joint angle,velocity change,from which we can get the characteristics of the three-point shooting technical action of the men' s basketball players of different grades and the key factors affecting the three-point shooting hit rate.Through data collection,experimental research and analysis,the conclusion of this paper is as follows:(1)No matter what level,the three-point shooting of male' s basketball players is composed of four stages: holding the ball,kicking off,jumping shot and landing buffer.The proportion of time consumed in each stage is 43%,14%,12% and 31% respectively.Among them,the preparation stage of holding the ball takes the longest time,while the shooting stage takes the shortest time.The total time for athletes to complete the whole movement is about1.4-1.6s.(2)Holding preparation stage: Male' s basketball players of different grades have basically the same body weight movement.When the center of gravity is at the lowest point,the upper part of the body slightly "leans forward",and there is no back shift of the center of gravity.There are significant differences between national athletes and secondary athletes in knee angle.And the knee angle of the second level athletes at the lowest point of the center of gravity is greater than that of the national athletes and the first level athletes.(3)Kicking off stage: At the end of kicking,the elbow joint and shoulder joint of male basketball players of different grades are close to the best shooting angle of 90 °.There are significant differences between national athletes and secondary athletes in knee angle.When the body center of gravity is from the lowest point to the highest point,the knee joint angle of second level athletes is smaller than that of the national level athletes and the first level athletes.In the aspect of angular velocity of lower limb,athletes of different grades have significant differences.The angular speed of elite athletes is faster than that of the first levelathletes and the second level athletes,and that of the first level athletes is faster than that of the second level athletes.(4)Jumping shot stage: There are no differences among different grades of male' s basketball players in the three aspects of release time,release speed and release angle.There are significant differences in the initial speed of the ball among the elite athletes,the first level athletes and the second level athletes.And the ball speed of the master athlete and the first level athlete is faster than that of the second level athlete.(5)Landing buffer stage: As for the change of lower limb joint Angle of male's basketball players,the national champion is less than the national first and second level players.Based on the data of basketball players,the following conclusions are drawn: The smaller the change range of lower limb joint angle is,the faster the recovery speed of the center of gravity at the moment of landing is.Thus,it can be quickly put into the next movement process.